Publication: Procesos inflamatorios en las complicaciones de la diabetes: retinopatía y nefropatía. Estudios en pacientes diabéticos
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2016-07
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Abstract
La retinopatía diabética es la enfermedad vascular más frecuente de la retina. Se origina por el daño producido en los vasos retinianos a causa de la descompensación metabólica de la diabetes. Con el mantenimiento de elevados niveles de glucemia, las paredes de los vasos retinianos se alteran y se vuelven más permeables, dejando pasar fluido al espacio extracelular. Todo esto lleva a una pérdida de visión que puede llegar a ocasionar ceguera. La microglía son las células del sistema inmunitario presentes tanto en el sistema nervioso central como en la retina, cuyo papel es actuar frente a las agresiones, aunque en muchos casos se deteriora dando lugar a sustancias tóxicas y compuestos proinflamatorios que promueven procesos degenerativos.
Diabetic Retinopathy is the leading cause of vascular diseased retina. It is caused by damage in the retinal vessels because of the metabolic decompensation of diabetes. With maintaining high levels of glucose the walls of the retinal vessels become vulnerable and permeable, so fluid passes into the extracellular space. All of these cause the loss of eyesight and can even end up in total blindness. The microglia are the immune cells of both the central nervous system and of the retina, and they play a role in case of injury. However, in many cases microglia deteriorate leading to the release of toxic and proinflammatory compounds that promote degenerative processes.
Diabetic Retinopathy is the leading cause of vascular diseased retina. It is caused by damage in the retinal vessels because of the metabolic decompensation of diabetes. With maintaining high levels of glucose the walls of the retinal vessels become vulnerable and permeable, so fluid passes into the extracellular space. All of these cause the loss of eyesight and can even end up in total blindness. The microglia are the immune cells of both the central nervous system and of the retina, and they play a role in case of injury. However, in many cases microglia deteriorate leading to the release of toxic and proinflammatory compounds that promote degenerative processes.