Publication: Osteoporosis: prevención y tratamiento en la mujer
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2017-02
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Abstract
La osteoporosis es la enfermedad metabólica ósea más común en mujeres postmenopáusicas caracterizada por la pérdida de masa ósea y consecuentemente el aumento del riesgo de fracturas. Su diagnóstico precoz es esencial para poder aplicar medidas y frenar así la pérdida de masa ósea. Su tratamiento puede ser tanto no farmacológico como farmacológico. Dentro del tratamiento no farmacológico se sitúan las medidas preventivas destinadas a aumentar la calidad de vida del paciente y disminuir el riesgo de fracturas. Implica modificar una serie de hábitos de vida capaces de reducir aquellos factores de riesgo modificables como por ejemplo la adecuada ingesta de calcio y vitamina D con la dieta. Por otra parte, el arsenal terapéutico farmacológico incluye fármacos antirresortivos, anabólicos y de acción mixta, que actúan a diferentes niveles a través de distintos mecanismos modificando los sistemas reguladores de la homeostasis del hueso. En cualquier caso, el objetivo es conseguir frenar y/o enlentecer la pérdida de hueso que causa la osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease in postmenopausal women characterized by loss of bone mass and consequently, in the increase of risk factors. Early diagnosis is important in order to carry out measures and stem the loss of bone mass. We can find both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Within the nonpharmacological treatment there are preventive measures intended to increase the patient's quality of life and reduce the risk of fractures. It involves modifying a series of life´s habits that can reduce those modifiable risk factors such as the adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D in the diet. On the other hand, pharmacological treatment includes anticatabolic drugs, anabolic drugs, and joint action, which act at different levels through different mechanisms by modifying the regulatory systems of bone homeostasis. In any case, the aim is to either stem and or slow down the bone loss that causes osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease in postmenopausal women characterized by loss of bone mass and consequently, in the increase of risk factors. Early diagnosis is important in order to carry out measures and stem the loss of bone mass. We can find both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Within the nonpharmacological treatment there are preventive measures intended to increase the patient's quality of life and reduce the risk of fractures. It involves modifying a series of life´s habits that can reduce those modifiable risk factors such as the adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D in the diet. On the other hand, pharmacological treatment includes anticatabolic drugs, anabolic drugs, and joint action, which act at different levels through different mechanisms by modifying the regulatory systems of bone homeostasis. In any case, the aim is to either stem and or slow down the bone loss that causes osteoporosis.