Publication: MERCOSUR y el dilema entre el crecimiento económico y el desarrollo humano.
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Publication Date
2012
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Centro de Estudios Iberoamericanos
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Abstract
El Mercado Común de América del Sur (MERCOSUR) nace con el objetivo de conseguir que sus Estados miembros –Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay- se inserten en el sistema de comercio internacional y, así, responder a los distintos desafíos económicos, sociales, políticos y de seguridad. Estos retos se vieron agudizados por las dinámicas de la globalización y dentro del llamado “nuevo regionalismo” o regionalismo abierto.
El MERCOSUR constituye la experiencia Iberoamericana de integración regional económica más conseguida. Creado a raíz de la firma del Tratado de Asunción en 1991, persigue la instauración de un mercado común. En 2011 se cumplieron dos décadas desde su creación, tiempo suficiente para hacer una evaluación consistente sobre los pasos dados en la consecución de los objetivos iniciales, objetivos éstos que engloban la propia integración económica, política, social y de desarrollo.
Con este artículo pretendemos analizar la situación actual en relación con los objetivos iniciales de MERCOSUR tomando como referencia la inserción en el sistema internacional, el crecimiento económico y la situación del desarrollo humano, prestando especial atención al papel de la Unión Europea como actor y socio externo de la integración sudamericana.
The Common Southern Market (MERCOSUR) was founded to promote its member states’ (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay) insertion in the international trade system and to deal with the different economic, social, political and security challenges, actually aggravated by the globalization dynamics and the so-called "new regionalism" or open regionalism. It is the most successful experience of regional economic integration in Latin America. Founded in 1991 by the Treaty of Asuncion with the purpose of establishing a common market, two decades have gone so it is long enough to make a consistent evaluation of its initial objectives’ achievements. It is then this article’s objective to analyse these initial objectives’ current situation, specially the inclusion of the member states in the international system and their economic growth and human development status, with particular attention to the European Union’s role as an external partner and actor in the South American integration.
The Common Southern Market (MERCOSUR) was founded to promote its member states’ (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay) insertion in the international trade system and to deal with the different economic, social, political and security challenges, actually aggravated by the globalization dynamics and the so-called "new regionalism" or open regionalism. It is the most successful experience of regional economic integration in Latin America. Founded in 1991 by the Treaty of Asuncion with the purpose of establishing a common market, two decades have gone so it is long enough to make a consistent evaluation of its initial objectives’ achievements. It is then this article’s objective to analyse these initial objectives’ current situation, specially the inclusion of the member states in the international system and their economic growth and human development status, with particular attention to the European Union’s role as an external partner and actor in the South American integration.