Publication:
The origin of money from the money-debt approach

Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2019
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Citations
Google Scholar
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Abstract
There are two fundamental approaches to the nature and origin of money that are incompatible with each other: money-commodity and money-debt. The first one has occupied a hegemonic position in the academy —and so outside it— throughout history. On the other hand, the money-debt approach was developed in response to the conventional view, although it currently occupies a marginal place in the academic sphere and is barely known beyond it. Despite its low popularity, the unorthodox outlook of money-debt is much more useful in order to understand the origin and nature of money; and represents a much more accurate analytical framework to monetary phenomena. In this paper a detailed review of the origin of money from this less-known approach is made in order to demonstrate its analytical superiority against the hegemonic approach that suffers from significant theoretical inconsistencies and a lack of empirical support.
Existen dos enfoques fundamentales sobre el concepto y el origen del dinero que por su propia naturaleza son incompatibles entre sí: el que concibe el dinero como una mercancía —dinero-mercancía— y el que lo hace como una relación social —dinero-deuda—. El primero bebe de los planteamientos que ya utilizó Aristóteles en los tiempos de la Grecia clásica, aunque ha sido desarrollado y refinado en tiempos más recientes por varios economistas reconocidos como Carl Menger y Paul Samuelson, y a lo largo de la historia ha ocupado una situación hegemónica en la academia —y también fuera de ella—. En cambio, el enfoque del dinero-deuda fue desarrollado especialmente a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX como respuesta a la visión convencional, aunque actualmente ocupa una posición marginal en el ámbito académico y apenas es conocido más allá de él. A pesar de su poca popularidad, el enfoque heterodoxo del dinero-deuda resulta mucho más útil para entender el origen y la naturaleza del dinero, conformando por lo tanto un marco analítico mucho más preciso y ajustado a los fenómenos monetarios. En este trabajo se hace un una revisión detallada del origen del dinero a partir de este enfoque menos conocido para poner en evidencia su superioridad analítica frente a un enfoque que, aunque es absolutamente hegemónico, adolece de importantes inconsistencias teóricas y de una notable falta de respaldo empírico.
Description
Keywords
Citation
Ascher, Marcia and Robert 1981. Mathematics of the Incas. Code of the Quipu. Dover, Nueva York. Bell, Stephanie 2001. “The role of the state and the hierarchy of money”. In Cambridge Journal of Economic, 25, 149-163. Bell, Stephanie and Henry, John 2001. “The Limits of Monetary Economies”. Review of Social Economy, 2(59), 203-226. Bleiberg, Edward 1996. The Official Gift in Egypt. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. Desan, Christine 2013. Creation Stories: Myths About the Origins of Money. Harvard Public Law Working Paper 13-20. Ellis, Howard 1934. German Monetary Theory 1905-1933. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Fontana, Giuseppe and Realfonzo, Riccardo (eds) 2005. The Monetary Theory of Production: Tradition and Perspectives. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Friedman, Milton 1969. The optimum quantity of money and other essays. Aldine Pub, Chicago. Gardiner, Geoffrey W. 2004. “The Primacy of Trade Debts in the Development of Money”. In L. Randall Wray (ed.). Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 128-172. Garrote, José Carlos 2017. Reflexiones sobre el origen y la naturaleza del dinero. El dinero moderno como una extensión del dinero primitivo. Trabajo Final de Grado. Universidad de Extremadura. Glyn Davies 1994. A History of Money: from Ancient Times to the Present Day. Cardiff. University of Wales Press. Goodhart, Charles 1998. “The two concepts of money: implications for the analysis of optimal currency areas”. European Journal of Political Economy, 14, 407-32. Graeber, David 2011. Debt: The First 5,000 years. Melville House, Nueva York. Graeber, David 2011b. “What is Debt? – An Interview with Economic Anthropologist David Graeber”. In Naked Capitalism, August. Graziani, Augusto 2003. The Monetary Theory of Production. New York: Cambridge University Press Graeber, David 2014. En Deuda. Una historia alternativa de la economía. Barcelona: Ariel. Grierson, Philip 1977. The Origins of Money. London: The Athlone Press. Harari, Yuval Noah 2015. Sapiens. Barcelona: Debate. Henry, John F. 2004. “The Social Origins of Money: The Case of Egypt”. In L. Randall Wray (ed.). Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 79-98. Hudson, Michael 2004. “The Archaeology of Money: Debt versus Barter”. In L. Randall Wray (ed.). Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 99-127. Hudson, Michael and Wunsch, Cornelia 2004. Creating Economic Order. Bethesda: CDL Press. Humphrey, Caroline 1985. “Barter and Economic Disintegration”. Man, New Series 20(1): 48–72. Ifrah, Georges 1994. The Universal History of Numbers. London: The Harvill Press. Ingham, Geoffrey 2004. “The Emergence of Capitalist Credit Money”. In L. Randall Wray (ed.). Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 173-222. Ingham, Geoffrey 2004b. The nature of money, Economic Sociology: European Electronic Newsletter, ISSN 1871-3351, Vol. 5, Iss. 2, pp. 18-28. Innes, A. Mitchell [1913] 2004. “What is money”. En L. Randall Wray (ed.). Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 14-49. Innes, A. Mitchell [1914] 2004. “The Credit Theory of Money”. In L. Randall Wray (ed.). Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 50-78. Kiyotaki, Nobuhiro and Wright, Randall 1989. “On money as a medium of Exchange”. Journal of Political economy, 97(4), 927-954. Kottak, C. 1994. Antropología. Madrid: McGraw-Hill. Lavoie, Marc, Rochon, Louis-Philippe and Seccareccia, Mario 2009. Money and Macrodynamics: Alfred Eichner and Post-Keynesian Economics. New York: M. E. Sharpe. Lisón Arcal, J. 1999. El mito del trueque. Sociedad y utopia, Revista de ciencias sociales, No. extra, pp. 181-187. Louzek, M. 2011. “The battle of methods in economics. The classical Methodenstreit – Menger vs. Schmoller”. American Journal of Economics and Sociology 70(2), 439-463. Macleod, Henry Dunning [1889] 1969. The theory of Credit, vol. 1, Rome: Edizioni Bizzarri. Menger, Carl 1892. “On the Origin of Money”. The Economic Journal, II, No. 6, 239-255. Menger, Carl [1909] 2013. El dinero. Madrid: Unión Editorial. Mitchell, William, Wray, L. Randall and Watts, Martin 2016. Modern Monetary Theory and Practice. An Introductory Text. Centre of Full Employment and Equity, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan. Nissen, Hansen J., Peter Damerow, and Robert K. Englund. 1993. Archaic Bookkeeping: Writing and Techniques of Economic Administration in the Ancient near East. Chicago: Chicago University Press. Parguez, Alain and Seccareccia, Mario 2000. The credit theory of money: the monetary circuit approach. In What is Money? (John Smithin ed.) London: Routledge. Peacock, Mark S. 2004. State, Money, Catallaxy: underlaboring for a chartalist theory of money”. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, vol. 26, no. 2, Winter, pp. 205-225. Peter G. Klein and George Selgin 2000. Menger’s Theory of Money: Some Experimental Evidence. In What is Money? (John Smithin ed.) London: Routledge. Polanyi, Karl 1957. “The Semantics of Money-Uses”. In Primitive, Archaic and Modern Economies (Dalton, G. ed. 1968), 175-203. Boston: Beacon Press. Powell, Marvin 1996. “Money in Mesopotamia”. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 39 3, pp. 224-242. Rallo, J. Ramón 2017. Contra la Teoría Monetaria Moderna. Barcelona: Deusto. Robinson, Andrew 1995. The Story of Writing. New York: Thames and Husdon. Samuelson, Paul and William D. Nordhaus 1975. Economics, 274-76. Schmandt-Besserat Denise 1992. Before Writing, Volume One: From Counting to Cuneiform. Texas: Austin, University of Texas Press. Simmel, G. [1907] 1978. The Philosophy of Money. Routledge (1978). Smithin, John (ed.). 2000. What is Money? London: Routledge. Smith, Adam 1994. La riqueza de las naciones. Madrid: Alianza editorial. Tcherneva, Pavlina 2016. “Money, Power and Monetary Regimes”. In Levy Economics Institute, Working Paper No 861. Tooke, Thomas 1844. An Inquiry into the Currency Principle. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans. Veenhof, Klaas R. 1999. “Silver and Credit in Old Assyrian Trade”. In Dercksen, J. G. ed., Trade and Finance in Ancient Mesopotamia, (MOS Studies 1) Leiden: pp. 55-83. Wray, L. Randall (ed.) 2004. Credit and State Theories of Money. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Wray, L. Randall and Éric Tymoigne 2005. “Money; An Alternative Story”. Levy Economics Institute, Working Paper 45. Wray, L. Randall 2010. “Alternative Approaches to Money”. Theoretical Inquiries in Law 11 (1) pp. 29-49. Wray, L. Randall 2015. Teoría Monetaria Moderna. Madrid: Lola Books.
Collections