Publication: Las personificaciones (?UB'AAHIL?A?N) de seres sobrenaturales entre los mayas de tierras bajas del clásico
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2019-07-10
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Abstract
Esta tesis analiza en profundidad el ritual de personificación entre los mayas del Clásico (250-900 d.C.) de las Tierras Bajas, a través de las inscripciones jeroglíficas de los distintos soportes (monumentos, vasijas, etc.) donde se encontró la cláusula de personificación que identifica a este ritual: ?ub’aahil ?a?n. Se analizaron 75 soportes, principalmente monumentos y vasijas, que presentaron la cláusula de personificación; éstos se encontraron en, al menos, 30 ciudades. Se analizaron en extenso los textos jeroglíficos con personificaciones para identificar el contexto de los diversos rituales, ritos y eventos donde este ritual se practicó. La investigación también incorporó un estudio iconográfico para buscar la identificación de los seres sobrenaturales personificados, y un extenso análisis lingüístico enfocado en la inalienabilidad. También se realizó un estudio comparativo entre los fenómenos de personificación y de los ixiptla del Centro de México. Los objetivos principales fueron: 1) Abordar en profundidad el ritual de personificación, como manifestación religiosa y política, para poder comprender tanto su sentido, como sus expresiones e importancia dentro de la religión y política maya. 2) Comprender las relaciones tanto implícitas como explícitas que se dieron, a través de este ritual, entre los seres sobrenaturales y los personificadores. 3) Profundizar en la naturaleza e identidad de los numerosos seres que se personificaron, muchos de ellos casi desconocidos en el panteón religioso maya, para intentar ordenarlos y clasificarlos dentro de éste, contribuyendo así a un mayor entendimiento de los seres que poblaron el anecúmeno maya...
This thesis analyzes in depth the ritual of impersonation among the Maya of the Classic period (250-900 AD) of the Lowlands, through the hieroglyphic inscriptions of different formats (monuments, vessels, and so on) where the impersonation clause denominated ?ub’aahil?a?n that identifies this ritual was found. The author analyzes 75 formats, mainly monuments and vessels, which present the impersonation clause. These were found in at least 30 cities. Hieroglyphic texts with impersonations were extensively studied to identify the context of the diverse rituals, rites and events where this ritual was practiced. The research also incorporates an iconographic study in order to search for the identification of the impersonated supernatural beings, as well as an extensive linguistic analysis focused on inalienability. A comparative study was also carried out between the phenomena of impersonation and the ixiptla of Central Mexico. The main goals of the research are: 1) To approach in depth the ritual of impersonation both as a religious and political manifestation, in order to understand its meaning, its expressions and its importance within the Mayan religion and politics. 2) To understand both the implicit and explicit relationships that were given, through this ritual, between supernatural beings and impersonators. 3) To delve into the nature and identity of the many supernatural beings that were impersonated, most of them almost unknown in the Mayan religious pantheon, in order to try to order and classify them. That contributes to a greater understanding of the supernatural beings that settled the Maya anecumene...
This thesis analyzes in depth the ritual of impersonation among the Maya of the Classic period (250-900 AD) of the Lowlands, through the hieroglyphic inscriptions of different formats (monuments, vessels, and so on) where the impersonation clause denominated ?ub’aahil?a?n that identifies this ritual was found. The author analyzes 75 formats, mainly monuments and vessels, which present the impersonation clause. These were found in at least 30 cities. Hieroglyphic texts with impersonations were extensively studied to identify the context of the diverse rituals, rites and events where this ritual was practiced. The research also incorporates an iconographic study in order to search for the identification of the impersonated supernatural beings, as well as an extensive linguistic analysis focused on inalienability. A comparative study was also carried out between the phenomena of impersonation and the ixiptla of Central Mexico. The main goals of the research are: 1) To approach in depth the ritual of impersonation both as a religious and political manifestation, in order to understand its meaning, its expressions and its importance within the Mayan religion and politics. 2) To understand both the implicit and explicit relationships that were given, through this ritual, between supernatural beings and impersonators. 3) To delve into the nature and identity of the many supernatural beings that were impersonated, most of them almost unknown in the Mayan religious pantheon, in order to try to order and classify them. That contributes to a greater understanding of the supernatural beings that settled the Maya anecumene...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia de América y Medieval y Ciencias Historiográficas, leída el 14/12/2018