Publication: Osteoporosis, prevención y tratamientos: nuevos fármacos
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2017-06
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Abstract
La osteoporosis es una enfermedad crónica de afectación ósea que conlleva una menor resistencia esquelética y mayor riesgo de fractura. Cada año, la osteoporosis causa a nivel mundial más de 1,3 millones de fracturas vertebrales, de muñeca y de cadera siendo esta última la más grave que requiere de complejas y costosas intervenciones quirúrgicas. La osteoporosis se considera la enfermedad metabólica ósea más prevalente estimándose que actualmente afecta al 20-30% de la población mayor de 50 años. Por ello se dibuja un paisaje sanitario, social y económico en el que el abordaje de la prevención y del tratamiento de la osteoporosis en una población anciana, numerosa y con comorbilidades muy heterogéneas, es una necesidad indiscutible y a su vez de difícil manejo. Por ello es imprescindible conocer en profundidad la relación beneficio-riesgo de la farmacoterapia clásica y nueva. Algunas de las estrategias terapéuticas existentes (Bifosfonatos, Teriparatida, Denosumab) son eficaces, pero presentan ciertas limitaciones que intentan subsanarse con el estudio de nuevos fármacos con mejor perfil de tolerabilidad cuya seguridad y eficacia son aún materia de investigación, destacando entre ellos el Odanacatib y Romosozumab.
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease of bone involvement that leads to less skeletal resistance and greater risk of fracture. Every year, it causes worldwide more than 1.3 million vertebral, wrist and hip fractures, the latter being the most serious that requires complex and costly surgical interventions. The most prevalent bone metabolic disease is considered to be currently affecting 20-30% of the population over 50 years of age. For this reason, a sanitary, social and economic landscape is drawn in which the approach to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in an elderly population, numerous and with heterogeneous comorbidities, is an indisputable and at the same time difficult to manage. It is therefore essential to know in depth the benefit-risk relationship of classical and new pharmacotherapy. Some of the existing therapeutic strategies (Bisphosphonates, Teriparatide, Denosumab) are effective but they have certain limitations that try to be solved with the study of new drugs with better tolerability profile whose safety and efficacy are still research, including Odanacatib and Romosozumab.
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease of bone involvement that leads to less skeletal resistance and greater risk of fracture. Every year, it causes worldwide more than 1.3 million vertebral, wrist and hip fractures, the latter being the most serious that requires complex and costly surgical interventions. The most prevalent bone metabolic disease is considered to be currently affecting 20-30% of the population over 50 years of age. For this reason, a sanitary, social and economic landscape is drawn in which the approach to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in an elderly population, numerous and with heterogeneous comorbidities, is an indisputable and at the same time difficult to manage. It is therefore essential to know in depth the benefit-risk relationship of classical and new pharmacotherapy. Some of the existing therapeutic strategies (Bisphosphonates, Teriparatide, Denosumab) are effective but they have certain limitations that try to be solved with the study of new drugs with better tolerability profile whose safety and efficacy are still research, including Odanacatib and Romosozumab.