Publication: Sistemas parenterales recargables para la liberación sostenida de fármacos
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2017-06
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Abstract
Los sistemas o formas farmacéuticas de liberación modificada son aquellas diseñadas de tal manera que se modifica la velocidad, el momento o el lugar de liberación del principio activo respecto a las formas farmacéuticas de liberación inmediata del mismo principio activo, originando distintos tipos de liberación: retardada, sostenida, prolongada o acelerada” [1]. En este trabajo, se pretende realizar una revisión bibliográfica para mostrar sistemas de administración parenteral de liberación sostenida de fármacos y de tipo recargable; Bombas osmóticas, bombas de freón y bombas programables, sus estructuras, funcionamiento, cinética, vías de administración más empleadas, usos principales; y sus ventajas e inconvenientes. Los sistemas de liberación sostenida prolongan la duración de los efectos y evitan la desprotección y toxicidad terapéutica, además de los efectos secundarios. Las principales vías usadas dentro de la parenteral son la intravenosa, intramuscular, subcutánea, intraperitoneal, o intratecal. Se caracterizan por presentar una cinética de orden cero y, además existen factores moduladores de la liberación que permiten fijar la velocidad de liberación deseada. Dentro de los implantes parenterales recargables estudiaremos; las bombas osmóticas; de membrana (ALZET®) o de pistón (DUROS®), las bombas de freón (INFUSAID®) y las bombas programables; para insulina (Sistema Medtronic®) u otras aplicaciones (Sistema Medtronic Synchromed®).
Systems or modified-release pharmaceutical forms are designed to modify the speed, time or place of release of the drug with regard to the immediate release pharmaceutical forms of the same drug, resulting in different types of release: delayed, sustained, prolonged or accelerated "[1]. The aim of this project is to carry out a bibliographic review to show the parenteral infusion systems of sustained release of drugs and the rechargeable ones such as osmotic pumps, freon pumps and programmable pumps. As well as their structures, operation, kinetics, common routes of administration, main uses, advantages and disadvantages. Este trabajo tiene una finalidad docente. La Facultad de Farmacia no se hace responsable de la información contenida en el mismo. - 4 - Sustained-release systems extend the duration of effects and prevent vulnerability and therapeutic toxicity, apart from side effects. The main parental routes used are: intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intrathecal. They are characterized by zero-order kinetics. In addition, release-modulating factors allow the setting of desired release rate. As regards rechargeable parenteral implants, we will study: osmotic (ALZET®) or piston (DUROS®) pumps; freon pumps (INFUSAID®) and programmable pumps; for insulin (Medtronic® System) or other applications (Medtronic Synchromed® System).
Systems or modified-release pharmaceutical forms are designed to modify the speed, time or place of release of the drug with regard to the immediate release pharmaceutical forms of the same drug, resulting in different types of release: delayed, sustained, prolonged or accelerated "[1]. The aim of this project is to carry out a bibliographic review to show the parenteral infusion systems of sustained release of drugs and the rechargeable ones such as osmotic pumps, freon pumps and programmable pumps. As well as their structures, operation, kinetics, common routes of administration, main uses, advantages and disadvantages. Este trabajo tiene una finalidad docente. La Facultad de Farmacia no se hace responsable de la información contenida en el mismo. - 4 - Sustained-release systems extend the duration of effects and prevent vulnerability and therapeutic toxicity, apart from side effects. The main parental routes used are: intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intrathecal. They are characterized by zero-order kinetics. In addition, release-modulating factors allow the setting of desired release rate. As regards rechargeable parenteral implants, we will study: osmotic (ALZET®) or piston (DUROS®) pumps; freon pumps (INFUSAID®) and programmable pumps; for insulin (Medtronic® System) or other applications (Medtronic Synchromed® System).