Publication: Memoria, identidad y literatura del yo: narrativas de la segunda generación de escritores exiliados por la Guerra Civil española
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2019-07-26
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El 18 de julio de 1936 un golpe de estado militar fallido provocó el inicio de la Guerra Civil Española. Tres años más tarde, el dictador Francisco Franco se proclamó vencedor del conflicto, asumiendo así el liderazgo del país hasta su muerte en 1975. Esta victoria causó la represión y la muerte de miles de ciudadanos que habían sido leales al gobierno republicano y el inicio del exilio para más de 200.000 civiles. Tras la muerte de Franco, España inició la transición hacia la democracia y algunos de los exiliados regresaron a casa. Sin embargo, aún no era posible discutir muchos asuntos relacionados con el exilio y la dictadura debido al llamado “Pacto del Olvido”. En 2006, España declaró el “Año de la Memoria Histórica”. Esto causó el estallido de numerosas publicaciones que continuaban el camino de las que comenzaron a surgir en los últimos años de la dictadura franquista. En los años 90, se creó un grupo de investigación llamado “Gexel” con el objetivo de restaurar la memoria histórica, cultural y literaria de los exiliados de 1939. Estos autores, que habían nacido entre 1920 y 1938, tenían en común haber crecido entre dos países, su país de origen y su país de acogida, tras abandonar España durante su infancia. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es estudiar la construcción del yo en los discursos autobiográficos/autoficcionales de la segunda generación de escritores exiliados por la Guerra Civil Española prestando atención a las relaciones entre nación, tiempo y lenguaje en estas narrativas...
On July 18th of 1936 a failed military coup quickly led to the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. Three years later, the dictator Francisco Franco proclaimed himself the winner of the conflict, assuming the leadership of the country until he died in 1975. This victory caused the repression and death of thousands of citizens who had been loyal to the Republican government and the beginning of the exile for more than 200,000 civilians. After Franco’s dead, Spain began a democratic transition and some of the exiled writers returned home. However, it was still not possible to discuss many issues related to the exile and the dictatorship due to the so-called “Pacto del Olvido” (Pact of Forgetting). In 2006, Spain declared the “Year of the Historical Memory”. This caused an outburst of publications that followed the ones that had started to appear during the last years of Franco’s dictatorship. In the 90s, a research group named “Gexel” was created with the purpose of restoring the historic, cultural, and literary memory of the exiles of 1939. Those authors, that had been born between 1920 and 1938, had in common having been raised in two countries, their homeland and their host countries after leaving Spain as children. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to study the construction of self in the autobiographical and auto-fictional discourses written by the above-mentioned second generation of Spanish Civil War exiled writers by focusing on the relationship between nation, space, time, language, and culture on those narratives...
On July 18th of 1936 a failed military coup quickly led to the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. Three years later, the dictator Francisco Franco proclaimed himself the winner of the conflict, assuming the leadership of the country until he died in 1975. This victory caused the repression and death of thousands of citizens who had been loyal to the Republican government and the beginning of the exile for more than 200,000 civilians. After Franco’s dead, Spain began a democratic transition and some of the exiled writers returned home. However, it was still not possible to discuss many issues related to the exile and the dictatorship due to the so-called “Pacto del Olvido” (Pact of Forgetting). In 2006, Spain declared the “Year of the Historical Memory”. This caused an outburst of publications that followed the ones that had started to appear during the last years of Franco’s dictatorship. In the 90s, a research group named “Gexel” was created with the purpose of restoring the historic, cultural, and literary memory of the exiles of 1939. Those authors, that had been born between 1920 and 1938, had in common having been raised in two countries, their homeland and their host countries after leaving Spain as children. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to study the construction of self in the autobiographical and auto-fictional discourses written by the above-mentioned second generation of Spanish Civil War exiled writers by focusing on the relationship between nation, space, time, language, and culture on those narratives...
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Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filología, Departamento de Filología Española, leída el 29/03/2019