Publication: La colaboración multidisciplinar y los enfoques metodológicos de los estudios históricos de la comunicación social
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2019-06-23
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Raúl Eguizabal
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Abstract
Los estudios históricos han sufrido una larga crisis por, entre otros muchos motivos, un exceso de especialización temática, una descomposición de los órdenes metodológicos y una pérdida progresiva de los referentes comparativos en el proceso de investigación. La comunicación social, en todas sus derivaciones, no escapa a esa situación de crisis. En la actualidad, a modo de consigna multidisciplinar, la mayoría de teóricos de la comunicación, historiadores e investigadores de la opinión pública apunta a la cooperación entre campos y la acumulación de enfoques como dos claves para superar esa fase de letargo metodológico. Aunque todavía quedan partidarios de la especialización disciplinar y la investigación estanca, la alta productividad y la apertura de nuevas fronteras temáticas están evidenciando la eficacia de la experimentación entre disciplinas y la contraposición de resultados.
Por lo tanto, la investigación tratará de poner de relieve a la historia de la comunicación social como un género historiográfico independiente y plenamente establecido desde hace décadas entre las ciencias de la información. La investigación defenderá la idea de que la historia de la comunicación social no puede ser tratada como “fuerza auxiliar” o “disciplina menor” en el conjunto de campos históricos, pero teniendo siempre presente todos los acervos metodológicos y todas las tradiciones historiográficas, ya que, hasta hace no mucho tiempo, la investigación de la evolución de los medios de comunicación, de las formas de hacer periodismo y de los profesionales de la información ha sido considerada una rama menor en la construcción científica del relato histórico.
Historical studies have suffered a long crisis due to, among many other reasons, an excess of thematic specialization, a decomposition of methodological orders and a progressive loss of comparative references in the research process. The social communication, in all its derivations, does not escape this crisis situation. Currently, as a multidisciplinary slogan, the majority of communication theorists, historians and public opinion researchers point to the cooperation between fields and the accumulation of approaches as two keys to overcome this phase of methodological lethargy. Although there are still supporters of disciplinary specialization and limited research, the high productivity and the opening of new thematic borders are evidencing the effectiveness of experimentation between disciplines and the contrast of results. Therefore, this research project will try to highlight the history of social communication as an independent historiographical genre fully established for decades among the information sciences. This research project will defend the idea that the history of social communication can not be treated as an "auxiliary force" or a "minor discipline" in the set of historical fields, but always bear in mind all the methodological collections and historiographical traditions since not long ago, the investigation of the evolution of the media, the ways of doing journalism and of the professionals of the information, has been considered a minor branch in the scientific construction of the historical narration.
Historical studies have suffered a long crisis due to, among many other reasons, an excess of thematic specialization, a decomposition of methodological orders and a progressive loss of comparative references in the research process. The social communication, in all its derivations, does not escape this crisis situation. Currently, as a multidisciplinary slogan, the majority of communication theorists, historians and public opinion researchers point to the cooperation between fields and the accumulation of approaches as two keys to overcome this phase of methodological lethargy. Although there are still supporters of disciplinary specialization and limited research, the high productivity and the opening of new thematic borders are evidencing the effectiveness of experimentation between disciplines and the contrast of results. Therefore, this research project will try to highlight the history of social communication as an independent historiographical genre fully established for decades among the information sciences. This research project will defend the idea that the history of social communication can not be treated as an "auxiliary force" or a "minor discipline" in the set of historical fields, but always bear in mind all the methodological collections and historiographical traditions since not long ago, the investigation of the evolution of the media, the ways of doing journalism and of the professionals of the information, has been considered a minor branch in the scientific construction of the historical narration.