Publication: Impact of kinetic and potential self-interactions on scalar dark matter.
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2019-07-19
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Amer Physical Soc
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Abstract
We consider models of scalar dark matter with a generic interaction potential and noncanonical kinetic terms of the K-essence type that are subleading with respect to the canonical term. We analyze the low-energy regime and derive, in the nonrelativistic limit, the effective equations of motions. In the fluid approximation they reduce to the conservation of matter and to the Euler equation for the velocity field. We focus on the case where the scalar field mass 10-21 << m less than or similar to 10(-4) eV is much larger than for fuzzy dark matter, so that the quantum pressure is negligible on cosmological and galactic scales, while the self-interaction potential and noncanonical kinetic terms generate a significant repulsive pressure. At the level of cosmological perturbations, this provides a dark-matter density-dependent speed of sound. At the nonlinear level, the hydrostatic equilibrium obtained by balancing the gravitational and scalar interactions imply that virialized structures have a solitonic core of finite size depending on the speed of sound of the dark matter fluid. For the most relevant potential in. lambda(4)phi(4)/4 or K-essence with a (partial derivative phi)(4) interaction, the size of such stable cores cannot exceed 60 kpc. Structures with a density contrast larger than 106 can be accommodated with a speed of sound c(s) less than or similar to 10(-6). We also consider the case of a cosine self-interaction, as an example of bounded nonpolynomial self-interaction. This gives similar results in low-mass and low-density halos whereas solitonic cores are shown to be absent in massive.
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© 2019 American Physical Society.
This work is supported in part by the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie-Sklodowska Grant No. 690575. This article is based upon work related to the COST Action CA15117 (CANTATA) supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The work by J. A. R. C. is partially supported by the MINECO (Spain) Projects No. FIS2014-52837-P and No. FIS2016-78859-P(AEI/FEDER, UE), and Consolider-Ingenio MULTIDARK CSD2009-00064.