Publication: Revisión del estado actual del tratamiento farmacológico de la diabetes: nuevas terapias
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2017-06
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Abstract
La Diabetes mellitus es un trastorno multifactorial, heterogéneo y muy prevalente en la sociedad actual. Para su tratamiento se han utilizado antidiabéticos orales durante muchos años, pero su eficacia a lo largo plazo disminuye, haciendo necesario nuevos planteamientos para mantener los síntomas en remisión, al tratarse de un trastorno crónico que necesita una terapia de por vida. Actualmente, las compañías farmacéuticas se esfuerzan en buscar nuevos fármacos que superen los principales inconvenientes de los antidiabéticos clásicos, pero su seguridad a largo plazo y efectos adversos se desconocen en muchos casos. Pese a todo, muchos fármacos están en fase de ensayo para su futura aplicación en humanos, y muchos de ellos ya se encuentran comercializados en Europa y España, como son los fármacos con actividad incretina y los inhibidores del receptor renal SGLT2. Si bien el tratamiento farmacológico es esencial para sobrellevar la enfermedad, buenos hábitos alimenticios y ejercicio físico diario son igual de importantes para evitar complicaciones.
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease with high prevalence in today's society. For its treatment, oral antidiabetics have been used for many years, but their effectiveness decreases over time therefore, being necessary to search for new approaches to continue treating the symptoms inasmuch it is a chronic disease requiring lifelong therapy. At present, novel several lines of research are seeking to develop new drugs that will overcome the major defects of classical antidiabetic drugs. Pharmaceutical companies are striving to market new therapeutic alternatives, but their long-term safety and adverse effects are often unknown. Nevertheless, many drugs are surpassing the preclinical tests for their potential future application in humans, and many of them already are commercialized in Europe and Spain. Among them, it is worth to note the drugs with incretin activity and the SGLT2 renal receptor inhibitors. Nonetheless, and although pharmacological treatments are maintaining the disease under control, healthy eating habits and daily physical exercise are equally important to avoid complications.
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease with high prevalence in today's society. For its treatment, oral antidiabetics have been used for many years, but their effectiveness decreases over time therefore, being necessary to search for new approaches to continue treating the symptoms inasmuch it is a chronic disease requiring lifelong therapy. At present, novel several lines of research are seeking to develop new drugs that will overcome the major defects of classical antidiabetic drugs. Pharmaceutical companies are striving to market new therapeutic alternatives, but their long-term safety and adverse effects are often unknown. Nevertheless, many drugs are surpassing the preclinical tests for their potential future application in humans, and many of them already are commercialized in Europe and Spain. Among them, it is worth to note the drugs with incretin activity and the SGLT2 renal receptor inhibitors. Nonetheless, and although pharmacological treatments are maintaining the disease under control, healthy eating habits and daily physical exercise are equally important to avoid complications.