Publication: Integración laboral de las personas con discapacidad en los principales países de la UE
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2016
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Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social
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Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la integración laboral de las personas con discapacidad en los 5 países con mayor población de la Unión Europea: Alemania, Reino Unido, Francia, Italia y España. Nos hemos centrado en la estimación del gap en la actividad, paro y empleo de las personas con discapacidad, aproximándonos al colectivo con tres definiciones distintas: 1) discapacidad en general, 2) discapacidad en el empleo y 3) necesidad o uso de asistencia laboral especial. Para el trabajo empírico se han explotado los microdatos del módulo ad hoc de 2011 sobre el empleo de las personas con discapacidad (Eurostat).
Como principales resultados cabe destacar, en primer lugar que las personas con limitaciones en el trabajo tienen una probabilidad de tener un empleo 32,8 puntos inferior a las personas sin discapacidad, penalización que se explica básicamente por su menor tasa de actividad. Además el gap en el empleo varía notablemente entre países, observándose que aquellos que tienen tasas de empleo más elevadas, muestran a su vez una menor integración en el empleo de las personas con discapacidad. Por tanto, el crecimiento económico y la creación de empleo no son condiciones suficientes para garantizar la integración laboral de las personas con discapacidad.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the employment of people with disabilities in the five countries with the largest population in the European Union: Germany, UK, France, Italy and Spain. We have focused on estimating the gap in activity, unemployment and employment of persons with disabilities, using three different definitions of disability: 1) disability in general, 2) disability in employment and 3) the need or use of special job assistance. For the empirical work we have analysed the microdata of the 2011 ad hoc module on employment of people with disabilities (Eurostat). The main results are that people with work limitations have a probability of being employed 32,8 percentage points lower than people without disabilities, penalty that is largely explained by the inferior activity rate of people with disabilities. In addition, the gap in employment varies considerably across countries, noting that those that have higher employment rates show in turn less integration in employment of people with disabilities. Therefore, economic growth and job creation are not sufficient conditions to ensure integration into the labor market of people with disabilities.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the employment of people with disabilities in the five countries with the largest population in the European Union: Germany, UK, France, Italy and Spain. We have focused on estimating the gap in activity, unemployment and employment of persons with disabilities, using three different definitions of disability: 1) disability in general, 2) disability in employment and 3) the need or use of special job assistance. For the empirical work we have analysed the microdata of the 2011 ad hoc module on employment of people with disabilities (Eurostat). The main results are that people with work limitations have a probability of being employed 32,8 percentage points lower than people without disabilities, penalty that is largely explained by the inferior activity rate of people with disabilities. In addition, the gap in employment varies considerably across countries, noting that those that have higher employment rates show in turn less integration in employment of people with disabilities. Therefore, economic growth and job creation are not sufficient conditions to ensure integration into the labor market of people with disabilities.