Publication: Valor de la ecografía e inmunohistoquímica en el diagnóstico del ganglio centinela en pacientes con melanoma
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2019-11-15
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El melanoma es un tipo de cáncer muy agresivo, responsable de más del 90% de las muertes por cáncer de piel y una de las neoplasias con mayor pérdida de años potenciales de vida. Su incidencia está aumentando en todo el mundo durante las últimas décadas. Por todo ello, continúa siendo un reto para el médico, y es nuestro deseo y deber continuar trabajando para mejorar la prevención, el diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta entidad. La afectación ganglionar, junto con el espesor de Breslow, es el principal factor pronóstico en pacientes con melanoma en estadio clínico localizado. Desde su introducción en 1992, la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela (BSGC), se ha establecido como principal técnica diagnóstica de estadificación ganglionar locorregional. A pesar de ser un método poco invasivo, no está exento de complicaciones. Existen múltiples trabajos que evalúan posibles alternativas a la BSGC: ecografía tradicional, ecografía de alta resolución, con contraste, asociada a punción obiopsia y PET/TAC, con resultados diversos...
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, being one of the solid neoplasms that causes the greatest potential loss of years of life. Its incidence is increasing in the Caucasian population. Thus, it remains a current challenge for the physician and it is our desire and duty to continue working to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this entity. Lymph node status and Breslow thickness are the main prognostic factors in localised melanomas. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been adopted worldwide as the standard method of lymph node staging. It is a procedure with less comorbidity and it is less invasive than the previous elective total lymphadenectomy, but it is not exempt of minor surgical complications. Therefore, the trend is to look for techniques that involve less comorbidity to the patient, with a similar diagnostic accuracy. We can find a lot of papers studying the role of other radiodiagnostic tools, such as high resolution ultrasound, fine needle aspiration (FNA) or ultrasound guided biopsy, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), etc...
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, being one of the solid neoplasms that causes the greatest potential loss of years of life. Its incidence is increasing in the Caucasian population. Thus, it remains a current challenge for the physician and it is our desire and duty to continue working to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this entity. Lymph node status and Breslow thickness are the main prognostic factors in localised melanomas. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been adopted worldwide as the standard method of lymph node staging. It is a procedure with less comorbidity and it is less invasive than the previous elective total lymphadenectomy, but it is not exempt of minor surgical complications. Therefore, the trend is to look for techniques that involve less comorbidity to the patient, with a similar diagnostic accuracy. We can find a lot of papers studying the role of other radiodiagnostic tools, such as high resolution ultrasound, fine needle aspiration (FNA) or ultrasound guided biopsy, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), etc...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, leída el 21-10-2019