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Application of data minning in Moodle platform for the analysis of the academic performance of a compulsory subject in University students

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2020-03
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E-learning platforms used in Higher Education Institutions store valuable information that can be analysed. Data mining is a multidisciplinary technique that integrates computer science, education, and statistics, and that could serve to interpret results and predict academic performance through the virtualized subjects. Objective: To identify the use of the interactive platform based on Moodle LMS (Learning Management System) in the Occupational Health compulsory subject in the curriculum of the podiatry degree and its relationship with academic success from 2017 to 2019 courses. Materials and methods: Logs (files of the interactions between a system and the students in the virtual system) for analyzing a variety of information from different activities carried out through the virtual campus on a Moodle platform were extracted, depurated and prepared for analysis. Finally, 33,776 (13,818 in 2017 and 19,958 in 2018) logs were used to perform the statistical analysis using the RStudio program and the SPSS v.22 software. A descriptive analysis, Pearson correlations and continuous variable decision trees diagrams were performed to determine the use of the Moodle classroom activities and resources and their relationship with academic results obtained in this subject. Results: 62 students enrolled in the academic course 2017-18 and 59 in the 2018-19 were studied. In the academic course of 2017-18, 62.9% were women, and mean and SD of academic results was 7.5±1.09. In 2018-19 academic course, 76.3% were women, and the mean results was 7.2±1.06. The highest peak of activity registered on the virtual subject was 200 visits in each academic course, with differences by months in relation to the distribution of tasks. The highest activity recorded was on Tuesdays and Sundays, in both years, but with more activity in the 2018-19 academic year. Lessons were the most used tools in both courses (40.3% in 2017 vs 46.2% in 2018) followed by the participation in forums (32.7% in 2017 vs 12.8% in 2018). Participation in the forums was 100% vs 93.1% and URLs entries 71.43% vs 87.93%; comparing both academic courses. In 2018, 3 new tools were introduced with high participation: Self-assessment Test 96.55%, glossary 87.93% and a wiki activity with a 48.28% of participation. Tools that significantly correlated with better test scores in year 2017 was the participation in the forums (p=0.016), while in 2018 test scores were significant correlated with the participation in the tasks (p=0.041) and self-assessment tests (p=0.044) carried out on the virtual classroom. Tree-like graphs identified two clusters of students related with forums and URLs entries, in the virtual classroom. Conclusion: This study reveals the importance of identifying and selecting tools with the capacity to improve and stimulate active and significant learning.
Las plataformas para el aprendizaje electrónico (e-learning) utilizadas en las instituciones de educación superior, almacenan información valiosa que puede analizarse. La minería de datos es una técnica multidisciplinaria que integra ciencias de la computación, educación y estadística, y que podrían servir para interpretar resultados y predecir el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes a través de las asignaturas virtualizadas. Objetivo: identificar el uso de la plataforma interactiva basada en Moodle LMS (Learning Management System) en la asignatura obligatoria de Salud laboral, en el plan de estudios del título de Podología, y su relación con el éxito académico de los estudiantes en los cursos de 2017 a 2019. Materiales y métodos: Se extrajeron del campus virtual los registros o logs (archivos de las interacciones entre un sistema y los estudiantes en el sistema virtual), para analizar la información sobre las distintas actividades realizadas en la asignatura virtualizada en Moodle. Antes de proceder a su análisis, los datos obtenidos se depuraron y anonimizaron. Finalmente, se usaron 33.776 registros (13.818 en 2017 y 19.958 en 2018) para realizar el análisis estadístico utilizando el programa RStudio y el software estadístico SPSS v.22. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, correlaciones de Spearman y diagramas de árboles de decisión para determinar el uso de las actividades y recursos en la asignatura en Moodle y establecer su relación con los resultados académicos obtenidos en el examen final de esta asignatura. Resultados: se estudiaron 62 estudiantes matriculados en la asignatura de Salud Laboral del curso académico 2017-18 y 59 matriculados en el curso 2018-19. En el curso académico de 2017-18, el 62,9% fueron mujeres, y la media y DE de los resultados académicos fue de 7,5 ± 1,09. En el curso 2018-19, el 76,3% fueron mujeres, y las calificaciones promedio fueron 7,2 ± 1,06. El pico más alto de actividad registrado en la asignatura virtualizada fue de 200 visitas a lo largo de cada curso académico, con algunas diferencias por meses, fundamentalmente relacionadas con la distribución de tareas. Por días de la semana, la mayor actividad se registró los martes y domingos, en ambos cursos, pero con más actividad en el año académico 2018-19. Las lecciones fueron las herramientas más utilizadas en ambos cursos (40,3% en 2017 vs 46,2% en 2018) seguidas de la participación en foros (32,7% en 2017 vs 12,8% en 2018). En 2018, se introdujeron 3 nuevas herramientas con alto porcentaje de participación: prueba de autoevaluación 96,5%, glosario 87,93% y una actividad wiki 48,28%. Las herramientas que se correlacionaron significativamente con las mejores calificaciones en los exámenes tipo test en el año 2017 fueron la participación en los foros (p = 0,016), mientras que en 2018 las calificaciones del examen se correlacionaron significativamente con el número de visitas a la asignatura virtualizada (p = 0,041) y la participación en tareas (p = 0,02) realizadas en la plataforma virtual. Los gráficos en forma de árbol identificaron dos grupos de estudiantes relacionados con foros y entradas de URL, en la asignatura virtualizada. Conclusión: este estudio revela la importancia de identificar y seleccionar herramientas con capacidad de mejorar y estimular el aprendizaje activo y significativo de los estudiantes.
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Este trabajo forma parte del pimcd2018-20 y fue presentado en 14th annual International Technology, Education and Development Conference, Valencia, del 2 al 4 de marzo 2020.
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