Publication: Fisioterapia en la Radiculopatía Cervical
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2015
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Abstract
La radiculopatía cervical es una patología que afecta a las raíces nerviosas de la columna cervical. Se caracteriza por provocar dolor en el cuello y a lo largo del recorrido de la raíz afectada, en una distribución no siempre dermatomérica. Los pacientes también pueden presentar déficits sensitivos, motores y afectación de los reflejos osteotendinosos. La hernia discal cervical se clasifica principalmente en hernia discal dura o blanda, dependiendo de la naturaleza de la lesión. Confundir la radiculopatía cervical con otras patologías musculoesqueléticas es bastante habitual, ya que son síntomas comunes de etiologías muy diversas. Una buena valoración clínica, con las pruebas y test que mayor validez han mostrado en su diagnóstico, es fundamental para planificar un tratamiento adecuado a las dolencias del paciente. Las pruebas complementarias como la resonancia magnética y la tomografía axial computerizada sirven para afinar el diagnóstico. El tratamiento más habitual utilizado es el conservador: inmovilización, medicación, fisioterapia, etc… ya que la historia natural de la patología es favorable. La fisioterapia no ha mostrado ser efectiva en el curso de la radiculopatía cervical, pero la combinación de diferentes técnicas de fisioterapia mejora los síntomas a corto y largo plazo. La cirugía puede ser recomendada en aquellos casos donde el tratamiento conservador fracase o cuando los síntomas son demasiado importantes.
Cervical radiculopathy is a disease that affects the nerve roots of the cervical spine. It is characterized by causing pain in the neck and along the path of the affected nerve root, not always in a dermatomal distribution. Patients may also have sensory problems, motor and decreased deep tendon reflexes. Hernias are classified primarily in hard disk and soft disk herniation, depending on the nature of the injury. Cervical radiculopathy confused with other musculoskeletal diseases is quite common, as they are common and very different etiologies symptoms. A good systematic assessment, with testing and test that showed greater efficiency in diagnosis, it is essential not to confuse and to propose an appropriate treatment for patient ailments. Additional tests such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are used to refine the diagnosis. The most common treatment used is conservative: immobilization, medication, physiotherapy, etc... because the natural history of the disease is favorable. Physical therapy hasn’t shown to be effective in the course of cervical radiculopathy, but the combinations of techniques are used to improve symptoms in the short and long term. Various surgical techniques may be recommended when the conservative treatment fails or if symptoms are too important.
Cervical radiculopathy is a disease that affects the nerve roots of the cervical spine. It is characterized by causing pain in the neck and along the path of the affected nerve root, not always in a dermatomal distribution. Patients may also have sensory problems, motor and decreased deep tendon reflexes. Hernias are classified primarily in hard disk and soft disk herniation, depending on the nature of the injury. Cervical radiculopathy confused with other musculoskeletal diseases is quite common, as they are common and very different etiologies symptoms. A good systematic assessment, with testing and test that showed greater efficiency in diagnosis, it is essential not to confuse and to propose an appropriate treatment for patient ailments. Additional tests such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are used to refine the diagnosis. The most common treatment used is conservative: immobilization, medication, physiotherapy, etc... because the natural history of the disease is favorable. Physical therapy hasn’t shown to be effective in the course of cervical radiculopathy, but the combinations of techniques are used to improve symptoms in the short and long term. Various surgical techniques may be recommended when the conservative treatment fails or if symptoms are too important.