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Familyhood principle and the cooperatives ideas in economic provisions in the Indonesian Constitution

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2021
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos
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This article narrated the journey in Indonesian economic history and the dynamic development of the familyhood principle and the cooperatives ideas. The familyhood principle and the cooperatives ideas were chosen by the Founders of Indonesian Nation as the bases for regulating national economy in the Constitution of Indonesia. This choice was motivated by the economic history since the arrival of Europeans to conduct an international trade of spices in 1512 until the end of Dutch colonialism in 1942. The formulation of economic stipulations in the Constitution was aimed at transforming the economy from a colonial one to the democratic national economic system which is in accordance with the values and cultures of adat communities. To perform this economic transformation, cooperatives is chosen to be the business structure and also economic system. Cooperatives as an institution originating from European thoughts is believed to be in accordance with the values and cultures of adat communities that is communalistic, which in the Constitution is termed familyhood principle. The dynamics and development of familyhood principle are highly dependent on the political will of economic policymakers. However, since the birth of the Constitutional Court in the era of political democracy there were very interesting developments in Indonesia. The judicial review of the Cooperatives Law is an example in which Constitutional Court plays an important role in guarding the familyhood principle and the cooperatives ideas as the bases for regulating the national economy.
Este artículo narra el viaje en la historia económica de Indonesia y el desarrollo dinámico del Principio de la Familia y las ideas cooperativas. El principio de la Familia y las ideas cooperativas fueron elegidas por los fundadores de la nación Indonesia como las bases para regular la economía nacional en la Constitución de Indonesia. Esta elección fue motivada por la historia económica desde la llegada de los europeos para llevar a cabo un comercio internacional de especias en 1512 hasta el final del colonialismo holandés en 1942. La formulación de las estipulaciones económicas en la Constitución tenía como objetivo transformar la economía de una economía colonial a el sistema económico nacional democrático que está de acuerdo con los valores y las culturas de las comunidades adat. Para realizar esta transformación económica, las cooperativas se eligen para ser la estructura empresarial y también el sistema económico. Se cree que las cooperativas como una institución que se origina en los pensamientos europeos están de acuerdo con los valores y las culturas de las comunidades adat que son comunalistas, lo que en la Constitución se denomina Principio de Familia. La dinámica y el desarrollo del Principio de Familia dependen en gran medida de la voluntad política de los encargados de formular políticas económicas. Sin embargo, desde el nacimiento del Tribunal Constitucional en la era de la democracia política, hubo desarrollos muy interesantes en Indonesia. La revisión judicial de la Ley de Cooperativas es un ejemplo en el que el Tribunal Constitucional desempeña un papel importante en la protección del Principio de Familia y las ideas de las cooperativas como bases para regular la economía nacional.
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