Publication: El levantamiento del Mapa de España: trabajos geodésicos, topográficos y catastrales (1853-1883). Análisis actuales aplicando Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica
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2021-05-05
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Esta tesis doctoral, titulada El levantamiento del Mapa de España: trabajos geodésicos, topográficos y catastrales (1853-1883); Análisis actuales aplicando Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica, se aborda desde la Geografía y la Ingeniería en Geodesia y Cartografía. Por un lado, se desvelan por primera vez y se analizan en profundidad numerosos documentos del siglo XIX hallados en el Archivo Topográfico del Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España relativos a los proyectos geodésicos, topográficos y catastrales de los distintos organismos precursores del actual Instituto. Por otro lado, utiliza Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica modernas para realizar análisis cuantitativos y desvelar algunas pautas de la evolución del territorio, explotando las mediciones rigurosas de estos documentos inéditos. A mediados del siglo XIX, el capitalismo, la Revolución Industrial y el Estado Liberal se establecieron en España de manera progresiva. Su desarrollo exigía una información geográfica precisa, que sentara unas bases cuantitativas sólidas para transformar el país y explotar sus recursos naturales. El interés por conocer las dimensiones de la nación, definiendo una red geodésica y elaborando un Mapa Topográfico; la necesidad de inventariar los recursos económicos del país, elaborando un Catastro rústico y urbano que sirviese a la contribución fiscal; el deseo de catalogar las materias primas geológico-mineras, hidrológicas y forestales; y la voluntad de contar sus habitantes, estableciendo un Censo de población periódico, llevaron al Estado a constituir desde 1849 hasta 1859 una serie de Comisiones que trabajaron en paralelo, y llevaron a cabo diversos proyectos geodésicos, topográficos y catastrales. Estas Comisiones se fusionaron en 1859, generando la Junta General de Estadística, que dio paso en 1870 al Instituto Geográfico...
This Ph.D. Thesis called Mapping Spain: geodetic, topographic and cadastral surveys (1853-1883); Current usages in combination with Geographic Information Technologies is approached from the perspectives of Geography and Geodetic & Cartographic Engineering. On the one hand, many documents from the 19th century found at the Topographic Archive of the National Geographic Institute of Spain are disclosed and examined for the first time. They are related to the geodetic, topographic and cadastral surveys accomplished in the mid-19th century by the various predecessor institutions of the current Geographic Institute. On the other hand, these old maps are used in combination with modern Geographic Information Technologies to perform quantitative analyses that leverage the accuracy of these old surveys and point out some patterns followed by territorial evolution.The Industrial Revolution, Capitalism and the Liberal State gradually settled in Spain during the mid-19th century. Precise geographic information was required for laying solid quantitative foundations that could help develop the country and exploit its natural resources. The interest in knowing the size of the country by fixing a geodetic grid and drawing up a topographic map, the need to inventory the Spanish economic resources by drawing up a rustic and urban cadastre that could be used for tax collection, the aim of cataloguing the mining and forest raw materials as well as the water sources in the country, and the will to count the inhabitants by setting up a periodic population census led the Spanish Government to set up various Commissions that worked in parallel from 1849 to 1859 and carried out several geodetic, topographic and cadastral surveys. These Commissions merged in 1859 giving rise to the General Board of Statistics that turned into Geographic Institute in 1870.
This Ph.D. Thesis called Mapping Spain: geodetic, topographic and cadastral surveys (1853-1883); Current usages in combination with Geographic Information Technologies is approached from the perspectives of Geography and Geodetic & Cartographic Engineering. On the one hand, many documents from the 19th century found at the Topographic Archive of the National Geographic Institute of Spain are disclosed and examined for the first time. They are related to the geodetic, topographic and cadastral surveys accomplished in the mid-19th century by the various predecessor institutions of the current Geographic Institute. On the other hand, these old maps are used in combination with modern Geographic Information Technologies to perform quantitative analyses that leverage the accuracy of these old surveys and point out some patterns followed by territorial evolution.The Industrial Revolution, Capitalism and the Liberal State gradually settled in Spain during the mid-19th century. Precise geographic information was required for laying solid quantitative foundations that could help develop the country and exploit its natural resources. The interest in knowing the size of the country by fixing a geodetic grid and drawing up a topographic map, the need to inventory the Spanish economic resources by drawing up a rustic and urban cadastre that could be used for tax collection, the aim of cataloguing the mining and forest raw materials as well as the water sources in the country, and the will to count the inhabitants by setting up a periodic population census led the Spanish Government to set up various Commissions that worked in parallel from 1849 to 1859 and carried out several geodetic, topographic and cadastral surveys. These Commissions merged in 1859 giving rise to the General Board of Statistics that turned into Geographic Institute in 1870.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 05-02-2021