Publication: Aspectos esenciales en la transformación de los mercados de trabajo de los Países del Centro y Este de Europa
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2003
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Decanato
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Las prioridades de las políticas aplicables a los mercados de trabajo durante los años de la transición han ido cambiando a medida que lo ha hecho el nivel de desarrollo económico de los países. Las políticas pasivas han jugado un importante papel al comienzo del periodo. El desempleo creció a niveles altos como resultado del inicio de las reformas en las economías en transición. El sistema legal e institucional para la administración del desempleo se fue instaurando y desarrollando. Todos estos esfuerzos se han traducido posteriormente en el desarrollo de políticas activas de empleo que incluyen medidas para apoyar la creación de puestos de trabajo en regiones con elevadas tasas de paro, fomentando el empleo a tiempo parcial o el autoempleo.
También han aparecido problemas de financiación de los nuevos sistemas de pensiones, seguridad social y sanidad que han tenido que ser solventados en la mayoría de las ocasiones con cargo a los presupuestos del Estado para poder cumplir sus objetivos.
The priorities of labour market policies during the years of transition gave changed with the stages of economic developments. Passive policies played a very important role at the beginning of the period. The unemployment rose at high levels as a result of the start of reforms in the transition economies. The legal and institutional system for unemployment administration were established and developed. All this efforts moved on to the development of the active labour policies, including packages of regional or branch programmes for alternative employment, temporary employment or programs to promote self-employment. Financial problems of the pension systems have been rater tough issues both for the Social Security Fund, minimum wages or old-aged pensions across the state budget as goal of the reforms.
The priorities of labour market policies during the years of transition gave changed with the stages of economic developments. Passive policies played a very important role at the beginning of the period. The unemployment rose at high levels as a result of the start of reforms in the transition economies. The legal and institutional system for unemployment administration were established and developed. All this efforts moved on to the development of the active labour policies, including packages of regional or branch programmes for alternative employment, temporary employment or programs to promote self-employment. Financial problems of the pension systems have been rater tough issues both for the Social Security Fund, minimum wages or old-aged pensions across the state budget as goal of the reforms.
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