Publication: Consecuencias neurológicas de la COVID-19 y la importancia de la neurorrehabilitación: revisión bibliográfica.
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2021-06
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Abstract
Introducción. La COVID-19 es una enfermedad causada por el SARS-CoV-2, siendo declarada pandemia en marzo de 2020. Aunque afecta principalmente al sistema respiratorio, tiene capacidad neuroinvasiva, por ello se quiere realizar una revisión bibliográfica para describir las principales manifestaciones neurológicas e investigar el papel de la neurorrehabilitación y la telerrehabilitación, indicando el papel del fisioterapeuta.
Metodología. Se han realizado búsquedas en diferentes bases de datos de publicaciones a texto completo en inglés o español, empleando los términos “COVID-19”, “neurological manifestations”, “neurorehabilitation” y “neurorehabilitation future”. Se obtuvieron 61 resultados procedentes de PubMed, Cochrane Library y el catálogo CISNE de la UCM. Tras eliminar duplicados y revisarlos quedaron los 35 trabajos empleados.
Resultados. El 36,4% de los pacientes presentan complicaciones neurológicas siendo las más frecuentes la anosmia, ageusia, fatiga, cefalea, mialgia y ACV, aunque también hay casos de Guillain-Barré y encefalopatías, lo cual ha aumentado las necesidades de neurorrehabilitación.
Discusión. A pesar de la importancia demostrada por la neurorrehabilitación, pocas publicaciones han analizado su impacto. Es llamativo que la alusión a la fisioterapia sea en relación con el tratamiento respiratorio y no al neurológico. Sería interesante investigar más en este ámbito y que se realizaran estudios de cohorte prospectiva.
Conclusiones. Se evidencia que la COVID-19 tiene consecuencias neurológicas, lo cual junto a los pacientes que vieron interrumpidos o no iniciados sus tratamientos, hacen a la neurorrehabilitación prioritaria destacando la relevancia del fisioterapeuta en este ámbito y el implemento de la telerrehabiliatción para disminuir listas de espera y alargar los tratamientos consiguiendo mejores resultados.
Background. COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 and it was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Although it mainly affects the respiratory system, it has neuroivasive capacity. For them, it has been done a bibliographic revision to describe the principal neurological manifestations and to investigate the role of the neurorehabilitation and telerehabilitation, as well as the role of the physiotherapist. Methods. It has been done a search of full text publications in English or Spanish in different data bases, using the terms “COVID-19”, “neurological manifestations”, “neurorehabilitation” y “neurorehabilitation future”. There were obtained 61 results from PubMed, Cochrane Library and CISNE catalogue from UCM. After remove duplicates and check them, 35 publications remained. Results. 36.4% of patients have neurological complications being the most frequent anosmia, ageusia, fatigue, headache, myalgia and stroke, although there are cases of Guillain-Barré and encephalopathies, which has increases neurorehabilitation needs. Discussion. Despite the importance that neurorehabilitation has been shown, few publications have analysed its impact, and it is striking that the allusion to physiotherapy is in relation to the respiratory treatment and not to the neurological treatment, so it would be interesting to investigate more in this area and to carry out prospective cohort studies. Conclusion. It is evidenced that COVID-19 have neurological consequences, which together with the patients who had their treatments interrupted or not initiated, make neurorehabilitation a priority, highlighting the relevance of the physiotherapist in this area and the implement of telerehabilitation to decrease waiting lists and to lengthen treatments getting better results.
Background. COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 and it was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Although it mainly affects the respiratory system, it has neuroivasive capacity. For them, it has been done a bibliographic revision to describe the principal neurological manifestations and to investigate the role of the neurorehabilitation and telerehabilitation, as well as the role of the physiotherapist. Methods. It has been done a search of full text publications in English or Spanish in different data bases, using the terms “COVID-19”, “neurological manifestations”, “neurorehabilitation” y “neurorehabilitation future”. There were obtained 61 results from PubMed, Cochrane Library and CISNE catalogue from UCM. After remove duplicates and check them, 35 publications remained. Results. 36.4% of patients have neurological complications being the most frequent anosmia, ageusia, fatigue, headache, myalgia and stroke, although there are cases of Guillain-Barré and encephalopathies, which has increases neurorehabilitation needs. Discussion. Despite the importance that neurorehabilitation has been shown, few publications have analysed its impact, and it is striking that the allusion to physiotherapy is in relation to the respiratory treatment and not to the neurological treatment, so it would be interesting to investigate more in this area and to carry out prospective cohort studies. Conclusion. It is evidenced that COVID-19 have neurological consequences, which together with the patients who had their treatments interrupted or not initiated, make neurorehabilitation a priority, highlighting the relevance of the physiotherapist in this area and the implement of telerehabilitation to decrease waiting lists and to lengthen treatments getting better results.
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