Publication: Evaluación del comportamiento clínico, radiológico e histomorfométrico de los injertos en bloque alogénicos vs autógenos: revisión sistemática y meta-análisis.
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2021
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Abstract
1. El comportamiento clínico tanto de los autoinjertos como de los aloinjertos es similar.
2. La tasa de supervivencia de los injertos no difiere entre los diferentes tipos de injerto.
3. La reabsorción de los injertos alogénicos está influenciada, principalmente, por la microarquitectura del injerto. Los injertos corticales se reabsorben menos que los injertos esponjosos.
4. La capacidad de formación de hueso nuevo depende, por un lado, de la microarquitectura y, por otro lado, de la capacidad osteogénica del injerto.
5. La tasa de supervivencia de los implantes no difiere entre los diferentes tipos de injerto.
6. Las complicaciones más frecuentes son la exposición del injerto y la dehiscencia de la sutura, y están asociadas a una mayor probabilidad de fracaso del injerto.
7. Los resultados obtenidos en esta revisión y meta-análisis deben interpretarse con precaución debido al alto sesgo general de los estudios, periodo de seguimiento escaso de los injertos alogénicos y diferentes métodos de medición y periodos de curación.
8. Se requieren más ensayos clínicos aleatorizados con largos periodos de seguimiento que comparen las ventajas e inconvenientes de todos los tipos de bloque alogénicos y autólogos para poder sacar conclusiones definitivas.
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Trabajo de Fin de Máster en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología UCM, Departamento de Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas, Curso 2020/2021.
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Unesco subjects
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