Publication: Paro, pobreza, estado y familia en España, 1993
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Publication Date
2007
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Este artículo aborda el estudio de las consecuencias económicas del paro, intentando delimitar empíricamente el papel que en su alivio juegan el Estado, el hogar y la familia extensa. Junto al punto de vista sobre el paro como un fenómeno que castiga a los individuos, aquí analizamos también su carácter eminentemente doméstico. Adoptamos el punto de vista del individuo para calcular las aportaciones del Estado, el Hogar y la familia extensa a los ingresos individuales de los parados. Resulta que la familia aporta poco, y el Estado menos que el hogar, pero con más eficacia en el remedio de la pobreza. Desde la perspectiva del hogar, la mayor parte de la renta disponible de los parados viene del trabajo y el grueso del resto de las rentas públicas que perciben los otros miembros del hogar. En conjunto, se calcula que en 1993 el paro fue una causa menor de la pobreza, que subió por efecto suyo de 19% a 23% de la población potencialmente activa. Se infiere también que el papel de la familia extensa es insignificante y la tesis del hogar como amortiguador de tensiones por lo menos exagerada.
This paper is devoted to the study of the economic consequences of unemployment. We try to quantify the role played by the State, the household and the family in its remedy. Against the extended belief that unemployment is a phenomenon that hits mainly individuals, here we stress the idea of its “domestic” nature. We first take the point of view of the individual and estimate the contributions of the State, the household and the extended family to the individual income of the jobless. The family contributes little, and the State less than the household, although better targeted against poverty. From a domestic perspective, most of the disposable income of the jobless comes from the work of other household members and most of the rest from public transfers to other household members. All together, in 1993 unemployment was in Spain a minor cause of poverty, having raised its level from 19% to 23% of the working age population. Our results also give a negligible role to non-domestic kinship and suggest that the role of the household as a buffer for social conflicts has been at least exaggerated.
This paper is devoted to the study of the economic consequences of unemployment. We try to quantify the role played by the State, the household and the family in its remedy. Against the extended belief that unemployment is a phenomenon that hits mainly individuals, here we stress the idea of its “domestic” nature. We first take the point of view of the individual and estimate the contributions of the State, the household and the extended family to the individual income of the jobless. The family contributes little, and the State less than the household, although better targeted against poverty. From a domestic perspective, most of the disposable income of the jobless comes from the work of other household members and most of the rest from public transfers to other household members. All together, in 1993 unemployment was in Spain a minor cause of poverty, having raised its level from 19% to 23% of the working age population. Our results also give a negligible role to non-domestic kinship and suggest that the role of the household as a buffer for social conflicts has been at least exaggerated.