Publication: El espejismo de la autonomía indígena: mirada a la situación de una comunidad en la Orinoquía Colombiana
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2014
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Universidad de Deusto
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Abstract
La Constitución de 1991 abrió espacios de participación política para los pueblos indígenas pero también perpetuó prácticas nocivas como la formación de élites articuladas al aparato estatal. Con base a mi trabajo de campo etnográfico, expongo cómo estas sociedades han renunciado a su capacidad de participación y acción política cediéndosela a esta nueva élite. En el caso del algunos de los pueblos indígenas de los Llanos, la creación de una élite política indígena se traduce en la renuncia del movimiento social indígena como sujeto político, por una parte, y por otra, la entrada a una nueva disputa caracterizada por la lucha por los recursos económicos del Estado colombiano y las multinacionales que hacen presencia en la región. Esta disputa por administrar los recursos, está ligada a la lucha por la arena política legitimada por el sistema, recursos que benefician solo a la elite indígena y su círculo más cercano. Se concluye la configuración de la autonomía indígena como un espejismo y no una realidad.
The 1991 Constitution opened spaces for political participation of indigenous peoples but also perpetuated harmful effects such as the formation of elites articulated the state apparatus. Based on my ethnographic fieldwork, I discuss how these societies have given up on their ability to participate and act politically. For some of the indigenous peoples of the Llanos, the creation of an indigenous political elite, results in the resignation of the indigenous social movement as a political subject, firstly, and secondly, the entrance to a new dispute characterized by struggle for the resources of the Colombian state and the multinationals present in the region. The dispute to manage resources is linked to the struggle for the political arena legitimized by the system resources that ultimately only benefits the indigenous elite and its closest circle. Therefore one can speak of indigenous autonomy as a mirage and not a reality
The 1991 Constitution opened spaces for political participation of indigenous peoples but also perpetuated harmful effects such as the formation of elites articulated the state apparatus. Based on my ethnographic fieldwork, I discuss how these societies have given up on their ability to participate and act politically. For some of the indigenous peoples of the Llanos, the creation of an indigenous political elite, results in the resignation of the indigenous social movement as a political subject, firstly, and secondly, the entrance to a new dispute characterized by struggle for the resources of the Colombian state and the multinationals present in the region. The dispute to manage resources is linked to the struggle for the political arena legitimized by the system resources that ultimately only benefits the indigenous elite and its closest circle. Therefore one can speak of indigenous autonomy as a mirage and not a reality