Publication: Explorando las barreras de la segregación ocupacional. Un estudio comparativo entre mujeres maquinistas de tren y mecánicas de vehículos de automoción
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2019
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La segregación ocupacional es un fenómeno persistente pese a la continua promoción de políticas de igualdad de oportunidades. En este artículo se describen diversas barreras que han condicionado el acceso y la permanencia en el empleo de mujeres maquinistas de tren y mujeres mecánicas de vehículos de automoción. Los resultados se basan en los estudios de caso de estas dos ocupaciones en España, y tienen como base principal el análisis de entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres y hombres empleados en esas ocupaciones. La perspectiva comparada se justifica porque las empresas presentan características de organización disímiles, en tamaño y estilo de gestión, pero un resultado similar de sub-representación laboral. Los hallazgos sugieren la presencia de, al menos, dos tipos de obstáculos: 1) barreras explícitas relacionadas con los procedimientos de selección del personal y las características materiales de los espacios de trabajo y 2) barreras implícitas asociadas con las actitudes y prácticas relacionales entre la minoría —trabajadoras— y la mayoría —varones—.
Occupational segregation persists despite continuous promotion of equal opportunity policies. This article describes various barriers that have stood in the way of women train drivers’ and women motor vehicle mechanics’ entering and remaining in employment. The results are based on case studies of these two occupations in Spain and primarily on the analysis of in-depth interviews of female and male employees in these occupations. The comparison is justified because of the companies’ similarities in terms of underrepresentation and yet their dissimilar organisation in terms of both size and management style. The findings indicate the presence of at least two types of obstacles: 1) explicit barriers related to personnel selection and the material characteristics of workplaces; and 2) implicit barriers associated with attitudes and practices in the relationships between the minority of women workers and the male majority.
Occupational segregation persists despite continuous promotion of equal opportunity policies. This article describes various barriers that have stood in the way of women train drivers’ and women motor vehicle mechanics’ entering and remaining in employment. The results are based on case studies of these two occupations in Spain and primarily on the analysis of in-depth interviews of female and male employees in these occupations. The comparison is justified because of the companies’ similarities in terms of underrepresentation and yet their dissimilar organisation in terms of both size and management style. The findings indicate the presence of at least two types of obstacles: 1) explicit barriers related to personnel selection and the material characteristics of workplaces; and 2) implicit barriers associated with attitudes and practices in the relationships between the minority of women workers and the male majority.