Publication: Límites a la libertad de expresión de los políticos y abuso de derecho. Los casos FÉRET C. Bélgica Y PERINÇEK C. Suiza
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2020-12
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Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, UNED
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Abstract
Los fundamentos jurídicos y los votos particulares de la primera sentencia ponen de manifiesto que, en la ponderación de los límites a la libertad de expresión de los políticos, se ha de tener en cuenta la circunstancia de que las manifestaciones hayan sido difundidas en campaña electoral así como la relación entre el contenido de las manifestaciones y el programa político de su partido. En el segundo caso analizado, en cambio, las circunstancias que modalizan los límites a la libertad de expresión de un político son valoradas por el daño real de la minoría que se siente lesionada por las declaraciones políticas así como por la gravedad de la sanción impuesta al político. En las dos sentencias que se ha comparado se muestra la difi-cultad para elaborar criterios generales en la interpretación de los límites a la libertad de expresión de los representantes políticos. La formulación de criterios generales demasiado abstractos, puede que no garantice que se impida el ejercicio abusivo e ilícito de tal derecho. Aún no hay suficiente jurisprudencia como para proponer una construcción dogmática sólida sobre el abuso de derecho en el ejercicio de la libertad de expresión. Asi-mismo, conviene ser conscientes tanto de las ventajas como de los riesgos que entrañan los conceptos jurídicos convencionales que ya cuentan con una interpretación estable.
The legal foundations and the individual votes of the first sentence show that in weighing the limits on the freedom of expression of politicians, the fact that the demonstrations have been broadcast in an electoral cam-paign must be taken into account and also the relationship between the content of the demonstrations and the political program of his party. In the second case analyzed, the circumstances that shape the limits to the freedom of expression of a politician are valued for the real harm of the minority that feels injured by the political declarations as well as for the seriousness of the sanction imposed on the politician.The two judgments of the ECHR that we have tried to compare reveal the difficulty of constructing general criteria in the interpretation of the freedom of expression of political representatives. The elaboration of too abstract general criteria, may not guarantee that the abusive and unlawful exercise of this right is prevented. There is not yet enough jurisprudence to elaborate a solid dogmatic construction on the abuse of rights in the exercise of freedom of expression. Likewise, it is convenient to be aware of the advantages and the risks that the conventional legal concepts that already have a stable interpretation
The legal foundations and the individual votes of the first sentence show that in weighing the limits on the freedom of expression of politicians, the fact that the demonstrations have been broadcast in an electoral cam-paign must be taken into account and also the relationship between the content of the demonstrations and the political program of his party. In the second case analyzed, the circumstances that shape the limits to the freedom of expression of a politician are valued for the real harm of the minority that feels injured by the political declarations as well as for the seriousness of the sanction imposed on the politician.The two judgments of the ECHR that we have tried to compare reveal the difficulty of constructing general criteria in the interpretation of the freedom of expression of political representatives. The elaboration of too abstract general criteria, may not guarantee that the abusive and unlawful exercise of this right is prevented. There is not yet enough jurisprudence to elaborate a solid dogmatic construction on the abuse of rights in the exercise of freedom of expression. Likewise, it is convenient to be aware of the advantages and the risks that the conventional legal concepts that already have a stable interpretation