Publication: Interacciones parásito-hospedador en poblaciones de aves silvestres y su relación con variables ambientales
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2022-05-24
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Durante el periodo de cría del 2015, observamos que un aumento experimental de la temperatura en el interior de los nidos de herrerillo común (Cyanistes caeruleus) afectó negativamente a la abundancia de ácaros (Dermanyssus gallinoides) y pupas de mosca (Protocalliphora azurea).Durante la temporada de cría del 2017 utilizamos esta misma aproximación experimental en dos poblaciones de herrerillo localizadas a distinta latitud (España y Alemania). El tratamiento térmico redujo significativamente la abundancia de pupas de mosca en ambas localidades, así como también la de larvas de pulga en los nidos de Alemania, aunque no en los de España. Además, también observamos que la infección por hemoparásitos como Haemoproteus/Plasmodium en las aves adultas fue significativamente mayor en machos de herrerillo que atendían nidos donde se aumentó la temperatura en Alemania y nidos controles en España. También encontramos que la abundancia de larvas de pulga fue significativamente mayor en los nidos de Alemania, mientras que la abundancia de pupas de mosca y jejenes fue mayor en España. Del mismo modo, observamos que otros parásitos como ácaros y moscas negras sólo aparecieron en los nidos de España, pero no en los de Alemania. Además, encontramos que el peso de los machos y la longitud del ala de los polluelos de herrerillo estuvieron relacionados negativa y significativamente con la abundancia de larvas de pulgas..
The aim of this Thesis is to explore whether an experimental change in temperature can affect the prevalence and abundance of parasites in cavity nesting birds during their breeding period. During the 2015 breeding period, we observed that an experimental increase in temperature inside blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nests negatively affected the abundance of mites (Dermanyssus gallinoides) and blowfly pupae (Protocalliphora azurea).During the breeding season of 2017 we explored whether an experimental increase in temperature inside blue tit nests located at different latitudes (Spain and Germany) significantly affected the abundance of parasites in the nests. Heated treatment reduced significantly the abundance of blowfly pupae in both locations, as well as that of flea larvae in nests from Germany, although not from those in Spain. In addition, we also observed that infections by hemoparasites such as Haemoproteus/Plasmodium in adult birds was significantly higher in blue tit males attending nests where the temperature was increased in Germany and control nests in Spain. In this study, we also found that the abundance of flea larvae was significantly higher in nests in Germany, while the abundance of blowfly pupae and biting midges was higher in Spain. Similarly, we observed that other parasites such as mites and black flies only appeared in nests in Spain, but not in those in Germany. In addition, we found that the weight of males and the length of wing in blue tit nestlings were negative and significantly related to flea larvae abundance...
The aim of this Thesis is to explore whether an experimental change in temperature can affect the prevalence and abundance of parasites in cavity nesting birds during their breeding period. During the 2015 breeding period, we observed that an experimental increase in temperature inside blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nests negatively affected the abundance of mites (Dermanyssus gallinoides) and blowfly pupae (Protocalliphora azurea).During the breeding season of 2017 we explored whether an experimental increase in temperature inside blue tit nests located at different latitudes (Spain and Germany) significantly affected the abundance of parasites in the nests. Heated treatment reduced significantly the abundance of blowfly pupae in both locations, as well as that of flea larvae in nests from Germany, although not from those in Spain. In addition, we also observed that infections by hemoparasites such as Haemoproteus/Plasmodium in adult birds was significantly higher in blue tit males attending nests where the temperature was increased in Germany and control nests in Spain. In this study, we also found that the abundance of flea larvae was significantly higher in nests in Germany, while the abundance of blowfly pupae and biting midges was higher in Spain. Similarly, we observed that other parasites such as mites and black flies only appeared in nests in Spain, but not in those in Germany. In addition, we found that the weight of males and the length of wing in blue tit nestlings were negative and significantly related to flea larvae abundance...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, leída el 20-01-2022