Publication: Patogenicidad y virulencia de Crithidia mellificae y Lotmaria passim y nueva descripción del morfotipo haptomona en Apis mellifera iberiensis
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2022-09-29
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los tripanosomátidos son un grupo muy extenso de protozoos parásitos de gran relevancia pública y veterinaria. Dos grupos, Leishmania y Trypanosoma, son los agentes causales de enfermedades muy graves para el ser humano y otras especies de animales, como las leishmaniosis, la enfermedad de Chagas o la enfermedad del sueño. Se trata, por tanto, de unos organismos ampliamente estudiados. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de las especies de la familia Trypanosomatidae se han descrito colonizando el tracto digestivo de insectos, y aunque la mayor parte de ellas están considerados como no patógenos para su hospedador, los tripanosomátidos que infectan abejas y abejorros parecen ser una excepción. En esta tesis se han estudiado aspectos básicos de la patogenicidad y virulencia de estos organismos, con el fin de conocer su verdadero impacto en la salud de las abejas, tanto a nivel de colonia como individual. Por primera vez, se ha obtenido la prevalencia de estos organismos en las colonias de abejas de Castilla-La Mancha en dos periodos de tiempo (años2013-2014, y 2019, 2020 y 2021), en lo que constituye el estudio más extenso hasta la fecha en España. Para ello, se ha desarrollado una nueva técnica de RT-qPCR que ha permitido no sólo la identificación efectiva de tres especies de tripanosomátidos en las colonias de abejas, sino también la cuantificación de la carga parasitaria de éstas, incluso en bajos niveles de parasitación, constituyendo una herramienta eficaz y fiable para el análisis de muestras decampo. Utilizando técnicas de identificación molecular se han detectado tripanosomátidos en las colonias de todas las provincias de la región, siendo L. passim la especie más prevalente, C. mellificae se detectó en algunas ocasiones y C. bombi en ninguna...
Trypanosomatids are a large group of parasitic protozoa of greathuman and veterinary importance. Two groups, Leishmania and Trypanosoma, are the causative agents of very serious diseases in humans and other animal species, such as leishmaniosis, Chagas disease and sleeping sickness. They are therefore widely studied organisms. However, most of the species of the family Trypanosomatidae have been described colonising the digestive tract of insects, and although most of them are considered to be non-pathogenic for these hosts, trypanosomatids infecting bees and bumblebees seem to be an exception. In this thesis, basic aspects of pathogenicity and virulence of these organisms have been studied to understand their true impact on bee health,both at the colony and individual levels. For the first time, the prevalence of these organisms in bee colonies in Castilla-La Mancha has been determined for two time periods (2013-2014, and 2019, 2020 and 2021), in what is the most extensive study in Spain to date. For this purpose, a new RT-qPCR technique has been developed, allowing not only the efficient identification of three species of trypanosomatids in honeybee colonies but also the quantification of the parasite load, even at low levels of parasitism, constituting an efficient and reliable tool for the analysis of field samples. Using molecular identification techniques, trypanosomatids have been detected in colonies in all provinces of the region, with L. passim being the most prevalent species, C. mellificae being detected on some occasions and C. bombi on none...
Trypanosomatids are a large group of parasitic protozoa of greathuman and veterinary importance. Two groups, Leishmania and Trypanosoma, are the causative agents of very serious diseases in humans and other animal species, such as leishmaniosis, Chagas disease and sleeping sickness. They are therefore widely studied organisms. However, most of the species of the family Trypanosomatidae have been described colonising the digestive tract of insects, and although most of them are considered to be non-pathogenic for these hosts, trypanosomatids infecting bees and bumblebees seem to be an exception. In this thesis, basic aspects of pathogenicity and virulence of these organisms have been studied to understand their true impact on bee health,both at the colony and individual levels. For the first time, the prevalence of these organisms in bee colonies in Castilla-La Mancha has been determined for two time periods (2013-2014, and 2019, 2020 and 2021), in what is the most extensive study in Spain to date. For this purpose, a new RT-qPCR technique has been developed, allowing not only the efficient identification of three species of trypanosomatids in honeybee colonies but also the quantification of the parasite load, even at low levels of parasitism, constituting an efficient and reliable tool for the analysis of field samples. Using molecular identification techniques, trypanosomatids have been detected in colonies in all provinces of the region, with L. passim being the most prevalent species, C. mellificae being detected on some occasions and C. bombi on none...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, leída el 26-05-2022