Publication: La función del ministerio fiscal en el concurso de acreedores
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2023-01-24
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El objeto del presente trabajo consiste en el estudio de las funciones del Ministerio Fiscal fuera del sistema de justicia penal en las distintas fases del concurso de acreedores en España, a partir del análisis de la evolución histórica de la propia institución y de su caracterización como órgano constitucionalmente encargado de defender la legalidad, el interés público y promover el interés social ante los Tribunales de Justicia. Tras una exposición del marco de referencia comparado (Francia, Italia, Portugal, Brasil, Reino Unido y Estados Unidos de la América) se ofrece un estudio sobre las cuestiones de régimen jurídico más importantes que un Fiscal debe tomar en considerar para cumplirlas funciones que, como parte o como dictaminador, le atribuye la legislación concursal vigente: comunicación de indicios de insolvencia de responsables penales; declinatoria; adopción de medidas restrictivas de derechos fundamentales y calificación fortuita o culpable del concurso. A modo de conclusión se realizarán una serie de propuestas de lege ferenda dirigidas a mejorar la eficiencia de la actuación del Ministerio Fiscal en el concurso de acreedores y ampliar algunos de sus cometidos, ello a la vista de la tradición jurídica española y de las conclusiones del estudio de derecho comparado y en contra de la reciente propuesta de reforma del Texto Refundido de la Ley Concursal.
The object of this work is to study the role of public prosecutors outside the criminal justice system in the different phases of the insolvency process in Spain, based on the analysis of the historical evolution of the institution itself and its constitutional power and duty to defend the rule of law, the public interest and foster the social interest before the Courts of Justice. After an exposition of the comparative framework considered as reference (France, Italy, Portugal, Brazil, United Kingdom and United States of America), this work presents an analysis on the most important issues of the legal regime that the Public Prosecutor, as the enforcer of the rule of law, should consider in order to fulfil the duties, which set forth by the applicable insolvency law: reporting indicia of insolvency involving defendants in criminal cases, issues regarding jurisdiction, adoption of measures restricting fundamental rights and fortuitous or culpable qualification in the context of the insolvency procedure. The conclusion presents a series of lege ferenda proposals aimed at improving the efficiency of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the insolvency process and expanding some of its powers, bearing in mind the Spanish legal tradition and the conclusions of the comparative law study and contrary to the recent proposal to reform the Refunded Text of the Insolvency Law.
The object of this work is to study the role of public prosecutors outside the criminal justice system in the different phases of the insolvency process in Spain, based on the analysis of the historical evolution of the institution itself and its constitutional power and duty to defend the rule of law, the public interest and foster the social interest before the Courts of Justice. After an exposition of the comparative framework considered as reference (France, Italy, Portugal, Brazil, United Kingdom and United States of America), this work presents an analysis on the most important issues of the legal regime that the Public Prosecutor, as the enforcer of the rule of law, should consider in order to fulfil the duties, which set forth by the applicable insolvency law: reporting indicia of insolvency involving defendants in criminal cases, issues regarding jurisdiction, adoption of measures restricting fundamental rights and fortuitous or culpable qualification in the context of the insolvency procedure. The conclusion presents a series of lege ferenda proposals aimed at improving the efficiency of the Public Prosecutor's Office in the insolvency process and expanding some of its powers, bearing in mind the Spanish legal tradition and the conclusions of the comparative law study and contrary to the recent proposal to reform the Refunded Text of the Insolvency Law.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, leída el 30-06-2022