Publication: Growth, technology and diffusion. A critical review
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1996
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Decanato
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De acuerdo a la interpretación neoclásica del crecimiento, éste, en última instancia, sólo puede tener su origen en el aumento de los factores de producción. Sin embargo, cuando se procedió a aplicar esta metodología al análisis empírico, la mayor parte de los estudios encaminados a contabilizar el crecimiento, es decir, a asignar a cada factor su contribución al aumento del output, encontraron que una buena parte del mismo permanecía inexplicado. Aunque, en principio, ello debía obedecer al efecto, exógeno, del progreso técnico, en realidad, el porcentaje de crecimiento derivado del mismo parecía ser excesivo. Todo ello motivó que se realizaran una serie de críticas a la metodología utilizada, tanto en lo referente a su vertiente empírica como a sus fundamentos teóricos. En el presente trabajo se pretende llevar a cabo una revisión de dichas críticas así como de los estudios que las motivaron. Paralelamente, se analiza el papel jugado por la tecnología en los análisis sobre la dinámica económica.
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