Publication: Giant Casimir effect in fluids in nonequilibrium steady states
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2013-06-07
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American Physical Society
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Abstract
In this Letter, we consider the fluctuation-induced force exerted between two plates separated by a distance L in a fluid with a temperature gradient. We predict that for a range of distances L, this nonequilibrium force is anomalously large compared to other Casimir forces. The physical reason is that correlations in a nonequilibrium fluid are generally of longer range than other correlations, even than those near an equilibrium critical point. This giant Casimir force is related to a divergent Burnett coefficient that characterizes an Onsager cross effect between the pressure and the temperature gradient. The predicted Casimir force should be detectable with currently available experimental techniques.
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© 2013 American Physical Society. We thank M. L. Huber and E. W. Lemmon at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology for providing us with the relevant thermophysical-property information for saturated liquid toluene and C. Vélez at the Universidad Complutense for assisting us with obtaining quantitative estimates for pNE. The research was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-09-01907.
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