Publication: Nuevos recubrimientos biocidas en implantología. Evaluación, mediante un biofilm formado por 6 tipos de bacterias subgingivale
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2014
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Abstract
Antecedentes y objetivos: La biopelícula oral ocupa un lugar
importantísimo en el desarrollo de las enfermedades periimplantarias (mucositis o periimplantitis). En la
actualidad, se sabe muy poco sobre el comportamiento de estas comunidades bacterianas periimplantarias al ser sometidas a recubrimientos biocidas sobre implantes, pilares
y demás aditamentos implantológicos que puedan estar en
contacto con ellas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue
observar el comportamiento de un material compuesto cerámica-cerámica con recubrimiento con vidrio biocida, sobre un modelo de biofilm in vitro que contiene seis bacterias de la microbiota subgingival, puesto a punto en el
Laboratorio de Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología
de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Material y método: Se emplearon seis cepas de referencia para desarrollar biofilms sobre la superficie de discos de
hidroxiapatita (HA) de 7 mm de diámetro y 1.8 mm de espesor y sobre discos de Nano Composite Z10Ce, con recubrimiento con corindón blanco, recubiertos con vidrio CINN (material
A2). Se depositaron tres discos de cada material en placas
estériles de cultivo celular de 24 pocillos y se cubrieron
con 1.5 mL del inóculo (en medio BHI modificado), preparado
con el total de las bacterias y se incubaron en anaerobiosis
durante 24h, 48h y 72h a 37ºC. Las especies seleccionadas representan colonizadores iniciales (Streptococcus oralis y
Actinomyces naeslundii), tempranos (Veillonella parvula), secundarios (Fusobacterium nucleatum) y tardíos (Porphyromonas gingivalis y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). El análisis de viabilidad bacteriana
en el biofilm se realizó mediante Microscopía Confocal (CLSM). El número de unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC)/mL de cada especie presentes en el biofilm se obtuvo
mediante recuento visual con microscopio óptico. Para el
análisis estadístico, se utilizó un test estadístico de comparación de medias (t test) y el análisis de la varianza
(ANOVA).
Resultados: En el presente estudio, según el análisis estadístico, se encontraron pocas diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el número de bacterias
que participan en el desarrollo del biofilm in vitro sobre
hidroxiapatita (HA) y el material A2. Aunque, según el recuento bacteriano por cultivo, se pudieron observar mayores diferencias entre ambos materiales Estas diferencias
se confirman con los resultados de la microscopía láser
confocal (CLSM).
Conclusiones: De forma preliminar, este estudio demuestra
que el Nano Composite Z10Ce, recubierto con vidrio CINN
(material A2), parece que ejerce un efecto biocida en el
desarrollo de un modelo de biofilm subgingival in vitro, aunque los datos estadísticos no revelan diferencias significativas. Deben llevarse a cabo más experimentos para
comprobar los resultados mostrados en este estudio.
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UCM subjects
Unesco subjects
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