Publication: Análisis de la variabilidad del relieve a partir de modelos digitales del terreno
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Publication Date
1998
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Sociedad Geológica de España
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Abstract
El tratamiento de datos topográficos a partir de Modelos Digitales del Terreno, mediante un Sistema de Información Geográfica de tipo matricial permite obtener información geomorfométrica. La obtención de un parámetro secundario, a partir de la variabilidad de las pendientes y sus orientaciones en un entorno espacial definido, da lugar a la elaboración de mapas de rugosidad. Los valores obtenidos
por este método son de carácter cualitativo, y se expresan como zonas de rugosidad alta, media o baja. La interpretación de estos mapas permite identificar, por un lado, alineaciones de rugosidades altas en un entorno de baja rugosidad, o bien zonas, más o menos extensas, de rugosidades contrastadas. Fundamentalmente, el parámetro permite identificar las discontinuidades geomorfométricas, tales como rupturas de pendiente, encajamientos fluviales y líneas de cresta, relacionados con contactos litológicos o estructuras tectónicas, teniendo siempre en cuenta el tamaño de celda del Modelo Digital del Terreno como límite inferior de las dimensiones de las formas de relieve representables.
Dependiendo de la resolución del Modelo utilizado, la información obtenida tendrá un carácter más o menos regional
The treatment of topographic data from Digital Terrain Models, by means of a raster-type Geographic Information System, allows to obtain information about geomorphometry. Roughness maps have been carried out from a secondary topographic parameter, calculated from variability of slopes and slope aspects on a defined spacial framework. The obtained values are of qualitative character, and they are expressed as zones oflow, medium or high topographic roughness. Interpretation of these maps allows the identification of lineaments of high roughness, into a low roughness framework, as well as wider zones of contrasting roughness values. In general, this parameter allows identification of relief discontinuities, as slope breakes, river cuts and ridge lines, related with lithological boundaries or tectonic structures, keeping in mind the pixel size of the Digital Terrain Model, considered as the dimension of the minimum representable relief shape. Depending on Model resolution, the information will have a more or less regional character
The treatment of topographic data from Digital Terrain Models, by means of a raster-type Geographic Information System, allows to obtain information about geomorphometry. Roughness maps have been carried out from a secondary topographic parameter, calculated from variability of slopes and slope aspects on a defined spacial framework. The obtained values are of qualitative character, and they are expressed as zones oflow, medium or high topographic roughness. Interpretation of these maps allows the identification of lineaments of high roughness, into a low roughness framework, as well as wider zones of contrasting roughness values. In general, this parameter allows identification of relief discontinuities, as slope breakes, river cuts and ridge lines, related with lithological boundaries or tectonic structures, keeping in mind the pixel size of the Digital Terrain Model, considered as the dimension of the minimum representable relief shape. Depending on Model resolution, the information will have a more or less regional character