Publication: Inestabilidades de ladera provocadas por el terremoto de Lorca de 2011 (Mw 5,1): comparación y revisión de estudios de peligrosidad de movimientos de ladera por efecto sísmico
en Murcia
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2012-10
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Instituto Geológico y Minero de España
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Abstract
La Cuenca de Lorca ha sido el objetivo de investigaciones recientes en las que se estudia el fenómeno de las inestabilidades de ladera inducidas por terremotos y su evaluación en el marco de diferentes escenarios sísmicos, teniendo en cuenta los efectos de amplificación sísmica debidos a la estratigrafía local y la topografía. Sin embargo, no ha sido hasta la ocurrencia de los terremotos del 11 de Mayo de 2011 en Lorca cuando ha sido posible realizar un análisis sistemático de este problema. En este artículo presentamos un inventario de 100 inestabilidades de ladera provocadas por los terremotos de Lorca, siendo principalmente desprendimientos de roca y suelo de pequeño tamaño (1 a 100 m3). La distribución de estos movimientos de ladera ha sido comparada con dos mapas de peligrosidad de inestabilidades: el primero, considerando la ocurrencia del terremoto más probable para un periodo de retorno de 475 años en la Cuenca de Lorca (Mw = 5.0), publicado anteriormente a partir de un modelo digital de elevaciones (MDE) de baja resolución; y un segundo, considerando el caso real del terremoto de Lorca 2011 (Mw = 5.1) mediante el uso de un MDE de mucha mayor resolución. Los desplazamientos de Newmark más frecuentes relacionados con las inestabilidades provocadas por los terremotos de Lorca 2011 son menores de 2 cm en ambos escenarios de peligrosidad considerados, coincidiendo con zonas donde se han producido importantes efectos de amplificación sísmica (estratigráfica y topográfica).
The Lorca basin has been the object of recent research aimed at studying the phenomenon of earthquakeinduced landslides and their assessment within the context of different seismic scenarios, bearing in mind the influence of soil and topographical amplification effects. Nevertheless, it was not until the Lorca earthquakes of 11 May 2011 that it became possible to adopt a systematic approach to the problem. We provide here an inventory of slope instabilities triggered by the Lorca earthquakes comprising 100 cases, mainly small rock and soil falls (1 to 100 m3). The distribution of these instabilities is compared to two different earthquake-triggered landslide hazard maps: one considering the occurrence of the most probable earthquake for a 475-yr return period in the Lorca basin (Mw = 5.0), which was previously published on the basis of a low-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), and a second one matching the occurrence of the Mw = 5.1 2011 Lorca earthquake, which was undertaken using a higher resolution DEM. The most frequent Newmark displacement values related to the slope failures triggered by the 2011 Lorca earthquakes are smaller than 2 cm in both hazard scenarios and coincide with areas where significant soil and topographical seismic amplification effects have occurred.
The Lorca basin has been the object of recent research aimed at studying the phenomenon of earthquakeinduced landslides and their assessment within the context of different seismic scenarios, bearing in mind the influence of soil and topographical amplification effects. Nevertheless, it was not until the Lorca earthquakes of 11 May 2011 that it became possible to adopt a systematic approach to the problem. We provide here an inventory of slope instabilities triggered by the Lorca earthquakes comprising 100 cases, mainly small rock and soil falls (1 to 100 m3). The distribution of these instabilities is compared to two different earthquake-triggered landslide hazard maps: one considering the occurrence of the most probable earthquake for a 475-yr return period in the Lorca basin (Mw = 5.0), which was previously published on the basis of a low-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), and a second one matching the occurrence of the Mw = 5.1 2011 Lorca earthquake, which was undertaken using a higher resolution DEM. The most frequent Newmark displacement values related to the slope failures triggered by the 2011 Lorca earthquakes are smaller than 2 cm in both hazard scenarios and coincide with areas where significant soil and topographical seismic amplification effects have occurred.