Publication: El origen de las Islas Canarias: un modelo de síntesis
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1999
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Asociación Española para la Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra
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Abstract
Revisamos las ideas modernas sobre el origen del archipiélago canario como base para proponer una hipótesis sintética que se apoya especialmente en datos geofísicos y de geología regional. Este nuevo modelo toma elementos de los anteriores pero consigue resolver la mayor parte de sus inconvenientes. Las Islas Canarias se construyeron en lo que en la época de la apertura del Atlántico fue un punto triple. El magma proviene de un penacho térmico (plume2) de la misma época, pero la fusión fue provocada y canalizada mucho después por fallas de desgarre en régimen transtensivo que continúan las del Atlas; los bloques insulares se han elevado al actuar la compresión sobre esas mismas fracturas.
After a general overhauling of the ideas on the origin of the Canaries, we propose, mainly on the basis of geophysics and regional geology, a unifying model which borrows elements from the previous hypotheses but is able to solve most of their pending questions. The Canary Islands were built on an old triple junction dating from the times of the opening of the Atlantic, when the upper mantle of the area was filled with hot material from a plume, later melted and plumbed through the activity of Alpine transtensive fractures of the Atlas system. The islands blocks were uplifted when the same faults worked as transpressive shears
After a general overhauling of the ideas on the origin of the Canaries, we propose, mainly on the basis of geophysics and regional geology, a unifying model which borrows elements from the previous hypotheses but is able to solve most of their pending questions. The Canary Islands were built on an old triple junction dating from the times of the opening of the Atlantic, when the upper mantle of the area was filled with hot material from a plume, later melted and plumbed through the activity of Alpine transtensive fractures of the Atlas system. The islands blocks were uplifted when the same faults worked as transpressive shears