Publication: Improving the estimation of psychometric functions in 2AFC discrimination tasks.
Loading...
Official URL
Full text at PDC
Publication Date
2011-05-11
Advisors (or tutors)
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Citations
Exportar
Abstract
Ulrich and Vorberg (2009) presented a method that fits distinct functions for each order of presentation of standard and test stimuli in a two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) discrimination task, which removes the contaminating influence of order effects from estimates of the difference limen. The two functions are fitted simultaneously under the constraint that their average evaluates to 0.5 when test and standard have the same magnitude, which was regarded as a general property of 2AFC tasks. This constraint implies that physical identity produces indistinguishability, which is valid when test and standard are identical except for magnitude along the dimension of comparison. However, indistinguishability does not occur at physical identity when test and standard differ on dimensions other than that along which they are compared (e.g., vertical and horizontal lines of the same length are not perceived to have the same length). In these cases, the method of Ulrich and Vorberg cannot be used. We propose a generalization of their method for use in such cases and illustrate it with data from a 2AFC experiment involving length discrimination of horizontal and vertical lines. The resultant data could be fitted with our generalization but not with the method of Ulrich and Vorberg. Further extensions of this method are discussed.
Description
UCM subjects
Unesco subjects
Keywords
Citation
Alcalá-Quintana, R., and García-Pérez, M. A. (2007). A comparison of fixed-step-size and Bayesian staircases for sensory threshold estimation. Spat. Vis. 20, 197–218.
Alcalá-Quintana, R., and García-Pérez, M. A. (2011). A model for the time-order error in contrast discrimination. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. in press.
Armstrong, L., and Marks, L. E. (1997). Differential effects of stimulus context on perceived length: implications for the horizontal–vertical illusion. Percept. Psychophys. 59, 1200–1213.
Benton, C. P., and Johnston, A. (1999). Contrast inconstancy across changes in polarity. Vision Res. 39, 4076–4084.
Fechner, G. T. (1860/1966). Elements of Psychophysics. New York: Holt.
García-Pérez, M. A. (2010). Denoising forced-choice detection data. Br. J. Math. Stat. Psychol. 63, 75–100.
García-Pérez, M. A., and Alcalá-Quintana, R. (2005). Sampling plans for fitting the psychometric function. Spanish J. Psychol. 8, 256–289.
García-Pérez, M. A., and Alcalá-Quintana, R. (2007). The transducer model for contrast detection and discrimination: formal relations, implications, and an empirical test. Spat. Vis. 20, 5–43.
García-Pérez, M. A., and Alcalá-Quintana, R. (2010a). Reminder and 2AFC tasks provide similar estimates of the difference limen: a reanalysis of data from Lapid, Ulrich, and Rammsayer (2008) and a discussion of Ulrich and Vorberg (2009). Attention Percept. Psychophys. 72, 1155–1178.
García-Pérez, M. A., and Alcalá-Quintana, R. (2010b). The difference model with guessing explains interval bias in two-alternative forced-choice detection procedures. J. Sens. Stud. 25, 876–898.
García-Pérez, M. A., Giorgi, R. G., Woods, R. L., and Peli, E. (2005). Thresholds vary between spatial and temporal forced-choice paradigms: the case of lateral interactions in peripheral vision. Spat. Vis. 18, 99–127.
García-Pérez, M. A., and Peli, E. (2001). Intrasaccadic perception. J. Neurosci. 21, 7313–7322.
Georgeson, M. A., and Sullivan, G. D. (1975). Contrast constancy: deblurring in human vision by spatial frequency channels. J. Physiol. 252, 627–656.
Girgus, J. S., and Coren, S. (1975). Depth cues and constancy scaling in the horizontal–vertical illusion: the bisection error. Can. J. Psychol. 29, 59–65.
Hamburger, K., and Hansen, T. (2010). Analysis of individual variations in the classical horizontal–vertical illusion. Attention Percept. Psychophys. 72, 1045–1052.
Hellström, Å. (2003). Comparison is not just subtraction: effects of time- and space-order on subjective stimulus difference. Percept. Psychophys. 65, 1161–1177.
Jäkel, F., and Wichmann, F. A. (2006). Spatial four-alternative forced-choice method is the preferred psychophysical method for naïve observers. J. Vis. 6, 1307–1322.
Knapen, T., Rolfs, M., Wexler, M., and Cavanagh, P. (2010). The reference frame of the tilt aftereffect. J. Vis. 10, 1–13.
Künnapas, T. M. (1955). An analysis of the “vertical–horizontal illusion.” J. Exp. Psychol. 49, 134–140.
Mamassian, P., and de Montalembert, M. (2010). A simple model for the vertical–horizontal illusion. Vision Res. 50, 956–962.
Masin, S. C., and Fanton, V. (1989). An explanation for the presentation-order effect in the method of constant stimuli. Percept. Psychophys. 46, 483–486.
Meese, T. S. (1995). Using the standard staircase to measure the point of subjective equality: a guide based on computer simulations. Percept. Psychophys. 57, 267–281.
Morgan, M. J., Hole, G. J., and Glennerster, A. (1990). Biases and sensitivities in geometrical illusions. Vision Res. 30, 1793–1810.
Peli, E. (1995). Suprathreshold contrast perception across differences in mean luminance: effects of stimulus size, dichoptic presentation, and length of adaptation. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 12, 817–823.
Peli, E. (1997). In search of a contrast metric: matching the perceived contrast of Gabor patches at different phases and bandwidths. Vision Res. 37, 3217–3224.
Prinzmetal, W., and Gettleman, L. (1993). Horizontal–vertical illusion: one eye is better than two. Percept. Psychophys. 53, 81–88.
Richter, H. O., Wennberg, P., and Raudsepp, J. (2007). The effects of inverting prisms on the horizontal–vertical illusion: a systematic effect of downward gaze. Exp. Brain Res. 183, 9–15.
Searleman, A., Porac, C., Alvin, J., and Peaslee, K. (2009). Manipulating the strength of the Ponzo and horizontal–vertical illusions through extraction of local cue information. Am. J. Psychol. 122, 383–394.
St. John, R., Timney, B., Armstrong, K. E., and Szpak, A. B. (1987). Changes in the perceived contrast of suprathreshold gratings as a function of orientation and spatial frequency. Spat. Vis. 2, 223–232.
Stephens, B. R., and Banks, M. S. (1985). The development of contrast constancy. J. Exp. Child. Psychol. 40, 528–547.
Ulrich, R. (2010). DLs in reminder and 2AFC tasks: data and models. Attention Percept. Psychophys. 72, 1179–1198.
Ulrich, R., and Vorberg, D. (2009). Estimating the difference limen in 2AFC tasks: pitfalls and improved estimators. Attention Percept. Psychophys. 71, 1219–1227.
van Vleet, T. M., and Robertson, L. C. (2006). Cross-modal interactions in time and space: auditory influence on visual attention in hemispatial neglect. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 18, 1368–1379.
Woodruff, B., Jennings, D. L., and Rico, N. L. (1975). Time error in lifted weights as affected by presentation order and judgment mode. Percept. Psychophys. 18, 98–104.