Publication: Distribución y estructura de las comunidades de escarabeidos coprófagos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) a lo largo de gradientes de altitud
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2016-03-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los rangos de distribución y la fenología de las especies están determinados por diferentes factores que varían a lo largo del tiempo; por ejemplo, por el efecto del cambio climático. Los sistemas montañosos presentan un escenario idóneo para el estudio de los gradientes altitudinales y los cambios de distribución de las especies en un espacio reducido. El objetivo principal de esta tesis fue determinar la distribución y composición de las comunidades de escarabeidos coprófagos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) en gradientes altitudinales. Para ello, se realizó una monitorización estandarizada entre 775 y 1900 m s.n.m. en la Sierra de Guadarrama (capítulo 2,3 y 4) y un muestreo entre 400 y 2600 m s.n.m. en las estribaciones orientales de la cordillera de los Andes (capítulo 5). Los datos compilados en la Sierra de Guadarrama sirvieron para observar los cambios en los rangos de distribución de los escarabajos coprófagos en un escenario de cambio climático. Se realizó una comparativa de los datos procedentes de bases de datos para cuatro especies, identificándose cambios en su fenología y distribución. Sin embargo, la baja disponibilidad de datos históricos impidió encontrar una evidencia clara de dichas variaciones, pudiendo ser un artefacto creado por la falta de muestreo o por información incompleta en los metadatos (capítulo 2). En la Sierra de Guadarrama se registraron 70 especies de los tres grupos de Scarabaeoidea Paleárticos (39 Scarabaeidae, 26 Aphodiidae y 5 Geotrupidae). Sus respuestas fenológicas presentaron variaciones en abundancia de manera variable a lo largo del gradiente de altitud, en función de variaciones térmicas estacionales. Las respuestas de las especies ante la altitud y la temperatura pueden clasificarse en cuatro tipos básicos, en función de si son generalistas o especialistas para uno o ambos factores (capítulo 3)...
Species’ distribution ranges and phenology are determined by different factors which vary over time; for example, by the effect of climate change. Mountain systems present an ideal setting for the study of altitudinal gradients and changes in species distributions in small spatial extents. The main objective of this thesis was to determine the distribution and community composition of dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) in altitudinal gradients. For this, a standardized monitoring was conducted between 775 and 1900 m asl in the Sierra de Guadarrama (Chapter 2.3 and 4) and a sample between 400 and 2600 m asl in the eastern foothills of the Andes (Chapter 5). Data collected in the Sierra de Guadarrama were used to observe changes in dung beetle distribution ranges in a scenario of climate change. We used historical data from databases for four species, identifying changes in their phenology and distribution. However, the low availability of historical data precluded finding clear evidence of such variations, which may be an artifact created by the lack of sampling or incomplete information in the metadata (Chapter 2). 70 species of the three groups of Palearctic Scarabaeoidea (39 Scarabaeidae, 26 Aphodiidae and 5 Geotrupidae) were recorded in the Sierra de Guadarrama. Their phenological responses showed changes in abundance that varied along the altitudinal gradient, depending on seasonal temperature variations. Species’ responses to altitude and temperature can be classified into four basic types, depending on whether they are generalists or specialists for one or both factors (Chapter 3)...
Species’ distribution ranges and phenology are determined by different factors which vary over time; for example, by the effect of climate change. Mountain systems present an ideal setting for the study of altitudinal gradients and changes in species distributions in small spatial extents. The main objective of this thesis was to determine the distribution and community composition of dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) in altitudinal gradients. For this, a standardized monitoring was conducted between 775 and 1900 m asl in the Sierra de Guadarrama (Chapter 2.3 and 4) and a sample between 400 and 2600 m asl in the eastern foothills of the Andes (Chapter 5). Data collected in the Sierra de Guadarrama were used to observe changes in dung beetle distribution ranges in a scenario of climate change. We used historical data from databases for four species, identifying changes in their phenology and distribution. However, the low availability of historical data precluded finding clear evidence of such variations, which may be an artifact created by the lack of sampling or incomplete information in the metadata (Chapter 2). 70 species of the three groups of Palearctic Scarabaeoidea (39 Scarabaeidae, 26 Aphodiidae and 5 Geotrupidae) were recorded in the Sierra de Guadarrama. Their phenological responses showed changes in abundance that varied along the altitudinal gradient, depending on seasonal temperature variations. Species’ responses to altitude and temperature can be classified into four basic types, depending on whether they are generalists or specialists for one or both factors (Chapter 3)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, leída el 25-01-2016