Publication: Cultura organizacional integral, actitudes y comportamientos seguros de trabajadores en empresas de manufacturas en España
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2016-05-14
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El contexto actual exige a las organizaciones un proyecto empresarial orientado a la Prevención de Riesgos Laborales (PRL); en el cual cobren cada vez mayor importancia el factor humano, la cultura organizacional y preventiva, las actitudes y comportamientos de los trabajadores; contribuyendo así a una eficaz Gestión de la Prevención. Por tanto, si las empresas desean lograr una verdadera integración de la PRL, deben considerar la conducta de los trabajadores y comprender que la mejor medida preventiva para evitar los riesgos laborales es ir más allá de las causas básicas y establecer una cultura preventiva que sea compartida por todos y contemple que el conocer las actitudes de los trabajadores hacia la PRL es la mejor vía para predecir y modificar la conducta. En este sentido, desde el diseño del proyecto empresarial las organizaciones deben considerar la planificación de la prevención, la evaluación inicial de los riesgos y su actualización, las medidas preventivas de los mismos, la información y formación de los trabajadores sobre los riesgos y forma de prevenirlos, entre otros aspectos de seguridad y salud laboral, como parte de sus objetivos estratégicos que deben desarrollar. Así pues, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la influencia de una Cultura Organizacional Integral sobre las Actitudes hacia la Prevención de Riesgos Laborales y los Comportamientos Seguros de los Trabajadores en Empresas de Manufactura en España. En este sentido, el alcance del estudio comprendió dos empresas (Empresa A y Empresa B), seleccionadas intencionalmente, del Sector de Manufactura en España, específicamente en la ciudad de Salamanca. En ambas empresas se aplicaron dos instrumentos; uno orientado a los trabajadores o empleados y otro a los supervisores, mandos intermedios y líderes en SSL; los cuales son explicados en el marco metodológico. La Unidad de Análisis estuvo definida por 110 trabajadores y 25 directivos, quienes a su vez conformaron la población objeto de estudio. En cuanto al manejo de las variables el diseño de la investigación fue No Experimental, de tipo transeccional o transversal; con un tipo de estudio Descriptivo y Explicativo...
The current context requires from organizations a business project aimed at Labor Risks Prevention (LRP); in which it gains increasing importance the human factor, organizational and preventive culture, workerś attitudes and behaviors; thus contributing to an effective Safety Management. Therefore, if companies want to achieve a real integration of the LRP, they should consider workerś behavior, and understand that the best preventive measure to avoid occupational hazards is go further the basic causes, and establish a culture of prevention that is shared by all as well as consider the knowledge of the workerś attitudes towards the LRP is the best way to predict and modify the behavior. In these sense, business project design should consider prevention planning, assessment and updating risks, preventive measures, information and training for employees about those risks and how to prevent them, among others aspects of occupational safety and health as part of its strategic objectives that they should develop. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the influence of a Comprehensive Organizational Culture over Workerś Attitudes toward Labor Risks Prevention and Safety Behaviors in Manufacturing Enterprises in Spain. In this sense, the scope of the study included two companies (company A and company B), selected intentionally from the Manufacturing Sector in Spain, specifically in the city of Salamanca. Two instruments were applied in both companies. The first one oriented to employees or workers and, the other one to supervisors, middle managers and leaders Occupational Safety and Health; which are explained in the methodological framework to guide the research. The unit of analysis was defined by 110 workers and 25 managers, who formed as study population. In relation to variables control the design is non- experimental research, cross-sectional study, descriptive and explanatory investigation...
The current context requires from organizations a business project aimed at Labor Risks Prevention (LRP); in which it gains increasing importance the human factor, organizational and preventive culture, workerś attitudes and behaviors; thus contributing to an effective Safety Management. Therefore, if companies want to achieve a real integration of the LRP, they should consider workerś behavior, and understand that the best preventive measure to avoid occupational hazards is go further the basic causes, and establish a culture of prevention that is shared by all as well as consider the knowledge of the workerś attitudes towards the LRP is the best way to predict and modify the behavior. In these sense, business project design should consider prevention planning, assessment and updating risks, preventive measures, information and training for employees about those risks and how to prevent them, among others aspects of occupational safety and health as part of its strategic objectives that they should develop. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the influence of a Comprehensive Organizational Culture over Workerś Attitudes toward Labor Risks Prevention and Safety Behaviors in Manufacturing Enterprises in Spain. In this sense, the scope of the study included two companies (company A and company B), selected intentionally from the Manufacturing Sector in Spain, specifically in the city of Salamanca. Two instruments were applied in both companies. The first one oriented to employees or workers and, the other one to supervisors, middle managers and leaders Occupational Safety and Health; which are explained in the methodological framework to guide the research. The unit of analysis was defined by 110 workers and 25 managers, who formed as study population. In relation to variables control the design is non- experimental research, cross-sectional study, descriptive and explanatory investigation...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, leída el 30-10-2015