Publication: Estudio de la actividad cerebral durante la percepción y procesamiento afectivo de las expresiones faciales de la emoción
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2016-05-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Las expresiones faciales de la emoción constituyen estímulos altamente relevantes en la interacción humana, dado que son señales comunicativas que nos permiten inferir el estado interno de otras personas. La función comunicativa de las expresiones faciales de la emoción ha sido objeto de gran interés y existe abundante literatura sobre el tema. Muchos autores han investigado los mecanismos involucrados en la percepción y decodificación de las expresiones faciales desde distintas perspectivas. En estudios realizados con medidas de la actividad cerebral de alta resolución temporal (electroencefalografía-EEG- y magnetoencefalografía-MEG) que se centran en el curso temporal del procesamiento perceptivo de las expresiones faciales de la emoción se ha encontrado una sensibilidad temprana a diversas emociones. Por ejemplo, el componente N170 ha mostrado sensibilidad diferenciada a las expresiones faciales de la emoción (ver revisión de Hinojosa, Mercado & Carretié, 2015). Un procedimiento utilizado habitualmente para investigar el procesamiento afectivo es el paradigma de priming afectivo, en el que primes y targets emocionales se presentan secuencialmente. La técnica de potenciales evocados (event-related potentials-ERP) se ha empleado habitualmente para explorar estos procesos y los estudios se han centrado en dos componentes principales: el N400 y el Potencial Tardío Positivo (Late Positive Potential-LPP). Se ha encontrado que el N400 es altamente sensible a la incongruencia semántica, mientras que su sensibilidad a la incongruencia afectiva no está tan clara. Por el contrario, se ha observado modulación del LPP debida a la incongruencia afectiva en ausencia de efectos en N400 (Herring et al., 2011)...
Facial expressions of emotion constitute highly relevant stimuli in human interaction, as they are communicative signals that allow us to infer other people’s internal state. The communicative function of facial expressions has been object of great interest and the literature about this field is substantial. Many authors have investigated the mechanisms involved in the perception and decoding of FEE from different perspectives. Studies with brain activity measures with high temporal resolution (electroencephalography -EEG- and magnetoencephalography -MEG) have focused on the time course of the perceptual processing of facial expressions and found an early sensitivity to different emotions. For example, the N170 component has revealed differential sensitivity to facial expressions of emotion (e.g., see Hinojosa, Mercado & Carretié, 2015). A commonly used procedure to investigate affective processing is the affective priming paradigm, in which emotional primes and targets are sequentially presented. The event-related potentials (ERP) technique has been commonly used to investigate these processes and the studies have focused on two components: the N400 and the Late Positive Potential (LPP). The N400 has been found to be highly sensitive to semantic incongruency, although its sensitivity to affective incongruency is not so clear. In contrast, the LPP has shown modulation by affective congruency in absence of N400 effects (Herring, Taylor, White, & Crites, 2011). Based on this results, it has been suggested that N400 would reflect semantic incongruency, but not affective incongruency, and the opposite effect would occur in the LPP (Baetens, Van der Cruyssen, Achtziger, Vandekerckhove & Van Overwalle, 2011; Bartholow, Fabiani, Gratton & Bettencourt, 2001)...
Facial expressions of emotion constitute highly relevant stimuli in human interaction, as they are communicative signals that allow us to infer other people’s internal state. The communicative function of facial expressions has been object of great interest and the literature about this field is substantial. Many authors have investigated the mechanisms involved in the perception and decoding of FEE from different perspectives. Studies with brain activity measures with high temporal resolution (electroencephalography -EEG- and magnetoencephalography -MEG) have focused on the time course of the perceptual processing of facial expressions and found an early sensitivity to different emotions. For example, the N170 component has revealed differential sensitivity to facial expressions of emotion (e.g., see Hinojosa, Mercado & Carretié, 2015). A commonly used procedure to investigate affective processing is the affective priming paradigm, in which emotional primes and targets are sequentially presented. The event-related potentials (ERP) technique has been commonly used to investigate these processes and the studies have focused on two components: the N400 and the Late Positive Potential (LPP). The N400 has been found to be highly sensitive to semantic incongruency, although its sensitivity to affective incongruency is not so clear. In contrast, the LPP has shown modulation by affective congruency in absence of N400 effects (Herring, Taylor, White, & Crites, 2011). Based on this results, it has been suggested that N400 would reflect semantic incongruency, but not affective incongruency, and the opposite effect would occur in the LPP (Baetens, Van der Cruyssen, Achtziger, Vandekerckhove & Van Overwalle, 2011; Bartholow, Fabiani, Gratton & Bettencourt, 2001)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, leída el 04-12-2015