Publication: La cooperación descentralizada entre España y Colombia en el marco de la gestión de los riesgos de desastres
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2016-05-24
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El aumento de la resiliencia para las ciudades y países en el mundo son una prioridad de las agendas Nacionales y los organismos internacionales. La construcción de resiliencia pasa por la comprensión, interpretación y práctica de la gestión del riesgo de desastres y en ese marco la cooperación al desarrollo puede jugar un papel muy importante para contribuir a construir desarrollo sostenible o perpetuar riesgos en los lugares que coopera. En este contexto el objetivo de esta investigación es interpretar la presencia del enfoque de la gestión del riesgo de desastres en el ámbito de la cooperación oficial descentralizada municipal entre España y Colombia. Para el desarrollo de la misma y como requisito previo y fundamental, en ese marco, se interpreta la comprensión, manejo y alcances de los términos básicos como riesgo, amenaza, vulnerabilidad y desastres, utilizados por España y Colombia. Este estudio se soporta en una metodología basada en la lógica hermenéutica, es una investigación de tipo cualitativo donde la realidad debe ser leída e interpretada, con aplicación de técnicas de tipo documental sobre información secundaria existente de la gestión del riesgo de desastres y la cooperación oficial descentralizada municipal. Las dos principales conclusiones que se pudo constatar son: la primera es que la gestión del riesgo de desastre no juega un papel en la cooperación oficial descentralizada municipal entre España y Colombia. Y la segunda es que existen, institucionalmente, diferencias conceptuales y apreciaciones en el manejo y apropiación de términos del enfoque de la gestión del riesgo de desastres entre los dos países. La diferencia conceptual anotada, quizás impacte el ejercicio de la cooperación al desarrollo entre España y Colombia, lo cual deberá ser indagado en una próxima investigación. Máxime que la cooperación internacional al desarrollo impulsa los procesos de desarrollo y desde la perspectiva del enfoque de la gestión del riesgo: gestionar el riesgo es gestionar el desarrollo.
In the agendas of national and international organisms it is a priority to increase the level of resilience in cities and in countries around the world. Building up this resilience has several stages such as understanding, interpretation and disaster risk management practices and in this context, where development cooperation takes place, plays a very important role, whether building a sustainable development or perpetuating risks. The aim of this research is to interpret the approach to disaster risk management in official decentralised and municipal cooperation between Spain and Colombia. In order to be able to develop this investigation, it was considered the interpretation of the understanding, management and scope of the basic terms such as risk, threat, vulnerability and disaster in both countries. This study is based on a hermeneutical logic methodology, a qualitative investigation where reality needs to be interpreted through the secondary information collected relating risk management practices and official decentralised and municipal cooperation. Two conclusions can be drawn from this investigation: Firstly, the disaster risk management does not play an important role in the official decentralised and municipal cooperation between Spain and Colombia. Secondly, there are profound conceptual differences in the use and application of the terms related to disaster risk management in both countries. This conceptual difference might impact the success in the development cooperation between Colombia and Spain. But, this should be a matter of further investigations. It is important to emphasize that international development cooperation promotes development in the different countries considering that managing risk is equivalent to promoting development.
In the agendas of national and international organisms it is a priority to increase the level of resilience in cities and in countries around the world. Building up this resilience has several stages such as understanding, interpretation and disaster risk management practices and in this context, where development cooperation takes place, plays a very important role, whether building a sustainable development or perpetuating risks. The aim of this research is to interpret the approach to disaster risk management in official decentralised and municipal cooperation between Spain and Colombia. In order to be able to develop this investigation, it was considered the interpretation of the understanding, management and scope of the basic terms such as risk, threat, vulnerability and disaster in both countries. This study is based on a hermeneutical logic methodology, a qualitative investigation where reality needs to be interpreted through the secondary information collected relating risk management practices and official decentralised and municipal cooperation. Two conclusions can be drawn from this investigation: Firstly, the disaster risk management does not play an important role in the official decentralised and municipal cooperation between Spain and Colombia. Secondly, there are profound conceptual differences in the use and application of the terms related to disaster risk management in both countries. This conceptual difference might impact the success in the development cooperation between Colombia and Spain. But, this should be a matter of further investigations. It is important to emphasize that international development cooperation promotes development in the different countries considering that managing risk is equivalent to promoting development.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, Departamento de Derecho Internacional y Relaciones Internacionales, leída el 09-12-2015