Publication: Ammonoideos y bioestratigrafía del Triásico Medio (Ladiniense) del sector oriental de la Cordillera Bética
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2016-06-24
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El estudio y conocimiento en general de la Geología y la Paleontología del Triásico de las Zonas Externas de la Cordillera Bética ha resultado difícil debido, entre otras cosas, a la importante tectónica a la que se han visto sometidos los afloramientos del sureste español y a la escasez y mala preservación de los fósiles existentes en ellos. Ello ha provocado que existan relativamente pocos trabajos de índole geológico o paleontológico sobre materiales del Triásico a lo largo de la historia y que no muchos investigadores hayan dedicado a los mismos parte de sus investigaciones. No obstante, en los últimos años se han realizado una serie de estudios estratigráficos y tectónicos que han sentado la base para la elaboración de trabajos paleontológicos desarrollados sobre diversos grupos de fósiles. Esto ha permitido impulsar novedosas investigaciones y obtener resultados interesantes sobre el origen, las características y la evolución de las cuencas triásicas del sureste español y también integrar los datos obtenidos en el contexto del Triásico de la península ibérica. Con todo, los estudios de detalle sobre la Paleontología de ammonoideos del Triásico han sido históricamente muy escasos en España y más aún en dicho sector de la Cordillera Bética. Al comienzo de esta Tesis Doctoral, sólo se conocía la existencia de un pequeño número (inferior a la veintena) de ejemplares, y no estaban claras las causas de esta escasez en comparación con otros dominios españoles como por ejemplo la Cordillera Costero Catalana o Menorca. Así pues, estudiar los posibles ammonoideos del Triásico y sus aspectos paleontológicos se trataba de un reto en el cual había numerosas incógnitas por resolver, sobre todo en cuanto a la cantidad y tipo de ammonoideos existentes y si sería posible establecer una bioestratigrafía con ammonoideos que fuera la base de dataciones precisas y que permitiera un conocimiento más detallado del Triásico del sur de España, así como su correlación con rocas de la misma edad de otras cuencas del borde occidental del Tethys. Con estos planteamientos y objetivos y teniendo en cuenta las posibilidades paleontológicas previas del área seleccionada se acometió este trabajo de investigación...
The study and general knowledge of Geology and Palaeontology in the Triassic of the External Zones of the Betic Cordillera is a difficult matter. The tectonics generated during the Betic orogeny determine outcrops with very poor conditions. Furthermore, the scarce and poor preservation of fossils contribute to the difficult task of performing this kind of research. There are relatively few Triassic geological and paleontological studies throughout history and there are not many researchers studying Triassic materials. However, numerous stratigraphic and tectonic advances entail the inception of paleontological studies for different fossil groups. This allows to start innovative researches and to get interesting results about the origin, characteristics and evolution of the Triassic basins of Southern Spain, and to integrate the results in the iberian peninsula Triassic context. However, in this sector of the Betic Cordillera as well as in other Spain locations, detailed studies on Paleontology of Triassic ammonoids have been very scarce historically. At the beginning of this PhD, only a few specimens (less than twenty) were known. The causes of this scarcity in comparison with other stratigraphic domains in Spain such as the Catalan Coastal Range or Menorca Island are not clear. Thus, the research of Triassic ammonites and their paleontological aspects was a challenge with many unknowns. Some of the uncertainties were, for example, the amount and kind of ammonoids and whether it would be possible to establish a biostratigraphic scale with these ammonoids. A new biostratigraphic scale could provide new dating of the Triassic materials of Southern Spain as well as their correlation with other basins of the western Tethys edge. This research was performed with these approaches and objectives, considering the paleontological background of the selected area...
The study and general knowledge of Geology and Palaeontology in the Triassic of the External Zones of the Betic Cordillera is a difficult matter. The tectonics generated during the Betic orogeny determine outcrops with very poor conditions. Furthermore, the scarce and poor preservation of fossils contribute to the difficult task of performing this kind of research. There are relatively few Triassic geological and paleontological studies throughout history and there are not many researchers studying Triassic materials. However, numerous stratigraphic and tectonic advances entail the inception of paleontological studies for different fossil groups. This allows to start innovative researches and to get interesting results about the origin, characteristics and evolution of the Triassic basins of Southern Spain, and to integrate the results in the iberian peninsula Triassic context. However, in this sector of the Betic Cordillera as well as in other Spain locations, detailed studies on Paleontology of Triassic ammonoids have been very scarce historically. At the beginning of this PhD, only a few specimens (less than twenty) were known. The causes of this scarcity in comparison with other stratigraphic domains in Spain such as the Catalan Coastal Range or Menorca Island are not clear. Thus, the research of Triassic ammonites and their paleontological aspects was a challenge with many unknowns. Some of the uncertainties were, for example, the amount and kind of ammonoids and whether it would be possible to establish a biostratigraphic scale with these ammonoids. A new biostratigraphic scale could provide new dating of the Triassic materials of Southern Spain as well as their correlation with other basins of the western Tethys edge. This research was performed with these approaches and objectives, considering the paleontological background of the selected area...
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Tesis inédita presentada en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Departamento de Paleontología, leída el 5-02-2016