Publication: Estudio de la infección por Leishmania infantum en el perro: utilidad de las técnicas diagnósticas no invasivas y nuevas alternativas terapéuticas
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2016-07-04
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La leishmaniosis canina (Lcan) causada por Leishmania infantum es una zoonosis de distribución mundial endémica en la cuenca mediterránea. Es transmitida a humanos y animales mediante la picadura de las hembras de flebotomos, siendo el perro tanto un hospedador natural como el principal reservorio. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la infección por L. infantum en el perro son muy variables, desde una infección subclínica crónica hasta una enfermedad grave, que puede ser fatal. Debido a su compleja patogénesis y al importante papel que juega la respuesta inmunitaria, tanto el diagnóstico como el tratamiento y prevención de esta enfermedad son un reto desde el punto de vista veterinario y de Salud Pública. El objetivo fundamental de esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido encontrar nuevas alternativas tanto diagnósticas como terapéuticas en la Lcan. En cuanto al diagnóstico se ha evaluado el uso de muestras obtenidas de forma menos invasiva y dolorosa, y mejor aceptadas por los perros y por ende por sus propietarios. Y con respecto al tratamiento, se han evaluado dos nuevas moléculas buscando que sea más económico, eficaz, bien tolerado y de fácil administración. Para ello se han realizado tres ensayos clínicos: los dos primeros con un modelo experimental canino y el tercero en perros con infección natural por L. infantum. Para los dos primeros ensayos se empleó el mismo modelo experimental canino, que consistió en ocho perras de raza Beagle infectadas experimentalmente con L. infantum, a razón de 5x107 promastigotes/ml por vía intravenosa...
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic disease, endemic in many world regions including the Mediterranean basin. Disease is transmitted by the bite of the female sand fly and dogs are both its natural host and the major reservoir of infection for humans and other animals. Clinical manifestations of L. infantum infection in dogs are variable and range from chronic subclinical infection to severe, sometimes fatal, disease. Its complex pathogenesis make the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disease a definite challenge from both a veterinary and public health perspective. This thesis sought to find new diagnostic and therapeutic options for canine leishmaniosis. Non-invasive sampling techniques designed to reduce pain and thus be more readily accepted by dogs and owners were assessed, as were the efficacy and safety of two new molecules, as more cost-effective, easier to administer therapeutic agents. Three clinical trials were performed: two in an experimental model of infection in the dog and a final trial in dogs naturally infected with L. infantum. For the first two studies, we used the same model consisting of eight female Beagle dogs intravenously infected with 5 x 107 promastigotes of L. infantum per mL...
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic disease, endemic in many world regions including the Mediterranean basin. Disease is transmitted by the bite of the female sand fly and dogs are both its natural host and the major reservoir of infection for humans and other animals. Clinical manifestations of L. infantum infection in dogs are variable and range from chronic subclinical infection to severe, sometimes fatal, disease. Its complex pathogenesis make the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disease a definite challenge from both a veterinary and public health perspective. This thesis sought to find new diagnostic and therapeutic options for canine leishmaniosis. Non-invasive sampling techniques designed to reduce pain and thus be more readily accepted by dogs and owners were assessed, as were the efficacy and safety of two new molecules, as more cost-effective, easier to administer therapeutic agents. Three clinical trials were performed: two in an experimental model of infection in the dog and a final trial in dogs naturally infected with L. infantum. For the first two studies, we used the same model consisting of eight female Beagle dogs intravenously infected with 5 x 107 promastigotes of L. infantum per mL...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, leída el 11/12/2015. Tesis formato europeo (compendio de artículos)