Publication: Moduladores nutricionales periconcepcionales del padecimiento de exceso ponderal en la adolescencia
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2016-08-04
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La obesidad es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Su prevalencia se ha multiplicado por más de dos entre 1980 y 2014. La Organización Mundial de la salud (OMS) ha estimado que 170 millones de jóvenes menores de 18 años presentan exceso de peso y ha considerado la obesidad como una epidemia a nivel mundial. La obesidad es una enfermedad crónica de origen multifactorial que viene determinada por la interacción de factores genéticos, biológicos, socioeconómicos, conductuales y ambientales actuando a través de mediadores fisiológicos nutricionales en la ingesta y gasto de energía. El sobrepeso y la obesidad son factores de riesgo relacionados con el desarrollo de diabetes, alteraciones del metabolismo lipídico, síndrome metabólico, hipertensión arterial, esteatosis hepática, litiasis biliar, alteraciones respiratorios, ortopédicas, trastornos psicológicos y de la alimentación y también en ocasiones inadaptación social del adolescente. Estos desajustes se pueden perpetuar y agravarse en la edad adulta, por lo que tanto el sobrepeso como la obesidad suponen un grave problema sanitario, económico y social, frente al cual es prioritario luchar. Numerosos estudios e investigaciones evidencian la relación existente entre la obesidad y sus inicios en la vida intrauterina, es decir, la relación entre el comportamiento nutricional y ponderal de la madre antes y/o durante el embarazo y las consecuencias en la salud de sus descendientes en la edad adulta...
Obesity is a public health problem worldwide. Its prevalence has doubled between 1980 and 2014. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 170 million young people under 18 are overweight and obesity has been considered a worldwide epidemic. Obesity is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin that is determined by the interaction of genetic, biological, socioeconomic, behavioral and environmental factors acting through physiologic and nutritional mediators in the intake and energy expenditure. Overweight and obesity are risk factors associated with the development of diabetes, lipid metabolism disorders, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, fatty liver, gallstones, respiratory disorders, orthopedic, psychologic disorders and food and sometimes problems to adapt to social environment. These imbalances can be perpetuated and aggravated in adulthood, so that both overweight and obesity are a serious health, economic and social problem that we must all face as a priority. A large number of studies and research show the relationship between obesity and the way it begins in the uterus that is, the relationship between nutritional and weight behavior of the mother before and / or during pregnancy and the health consequences of their offspring in the adult age. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the factors (nutritional status, physical activity, lifestyle...) measured in pregnancy, which may or may not be related to the origin of the disease of overweight / offspring obesity in adolescence...
Obesity is a public health problem worldwide. Its prevalence has doubled between 1980 and 2014. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 170 million young people under 18 are overweight and obesity has been considered a worldwide epidemic. Obesity is a chronic disease of multifactorial origin that is determined by the interaction of genetic, biological, socioeconomic, behavioral and environmental factors acting through physiologic and nutritional mediators in the intake and energy expenditure. Overweight and obesity are risk factors associated with the development of diabetes, lipid metabolism disorders, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, fatty liver, gallstones, respiratory disorders, orthopedic, psychologic disorders and food and sometimes problems to adapt to social environment. These imbalances can be perpetuated and aggravated in adulthood, so that both overweight and obesity are a serious health, economic and social problem that we must all face as a priority. A large number of studies and research show the relationship between obesity and the way it begins in the uterus that is, the relationship between nutritional and weight behavior of the mother before and / or during pregnancy and the health consequences of their offspring in the adult age. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the factors (nutritional status, physical activity, lifestyle...) measured in pregnancy, which may or may not be related to the origin of the disease of overweight / offspring obesity in adolescence...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), leída el 21-01-2016