Publication: Brocales de pozos y aljibes andalusíes y mudéjares
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2016-10-17
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Esta tesis ha tomado los caracteres de un trabajo técnico, artístico y estadístico sobre el brocal de pozo andalusí y mudéjar, mediante un estudio de investigación y una práctica de campo, en el que se destaca la evolución de este objeto en al-Andalus desde el siglo X hasta aproximadamente el siglo XVI. El brocal se convirtió, al estar emplazado en estancias principales del patio de edificios religiosos o de viviendas islámicas, en el soporte y el marco idóneo de una rica y compleja decoración, y sus gruesas paredes también permitieron un mayor desarrollo y una mejor ejecución de textos epigráficos, que han sido en algunos casos concretos de gran relevancia a nivel histórico y artístico. Antes de la época islámica, el brocal, aparecía como una pieza escasa, en la mayoría de los casos elaborado con un material noble para cubrir pozos de agua sagrada en edificios grandes de carácter religioso. Posteriormente, fue un objeto muy frecuente en sus ejemplares andalusíes y mudéjares, utilizado en todo tipo de edificios públicos y privados, ejecutado en materiales nobles, como el mármol o la piedra caliza y en materiales comunes y baratos como el barro. En los brocales resulta a veces muy difícil determinar con precisión la fecha concreta de su elaboración, teniendo únicamente como referencia las características físicas del mismo, ya que este objeto ha estado bajo una enorme influencia…….. tanto anterior como posterior al período estudiado. El estudio presenta datos globales sobre cronología, procedencia, terminología, tipología, materiales, técnicas de elaboración, procedimientos de motivos decorativos y un análisis minucioso de éstos, permitiéndonos tener una raíz sólida que apoye el estudio preciso de cada brocal, siguiendo estrictamente en todos los casos una misma metodología. La investigación incluye un total de ciento nueve piezas, nueve brocales en material pétreo y cien ejemplos de material cerámico. Ante el número considerable de ejemplos estudiados, hemos decidido ordenar las fichas catalográficas en siete apartados, apareciendo así los brocales de material pétreo, seguidos de los de material cerámico, divididos éstos a su vez en circunscripciones territoriales, guardando siempre un orden cronológico dentro de cada apartado...
This PhD dissertation has been shaped as a technical, artistic and statistic study on the andalusi and mudejar well and cistern curbs by means of research and fieldwork, where we focus on its evolution in al-Andalus from the tenth to the sixteenth century. Curbs, placed in important spaces by the courtyards of religious buildings and Islamic houses, turned themselves into an adequate place for rich and complex decorations. Their thick walls also allowed a larger and better development of epigraphic texts, that in some cases have been relevant for historical and artistic reasons. Before the Islamic period curbs were scarce, in most cases made of noble materials to cover wells of holy waters in large religious buildings. Later, they were very frequent andalusi and mudejar items, used in all types of buildings, civil or religious, made of noble materials such as marble or limestone, and in common unexpensive materials such as clay. It is sometimes very difficult to determine accurately the chronology when curbs were manufactured, only having as references their physical characteristics, considering that they have experienced many material and decorative circumstances, before and after the period studied. This study presents global information on chronology, origin, terminology, typology, materials, manufacturing techniques, decorative designs with their detailed analysis, allowing us to have solid roots to support the study of each curb, following strictly the same methodology in every case. This research includes a total of one hundred and nine examples, nine curbs made of stone, and one hundred of ceramics. Considering the considerable number of examples studied, we decided to organize catalogue cards in seven groups, starting by the stone curbs, followed by ceramic curbs assembled in territorial divisions, always keeping a chronological order in every group. Among the examples studied there are completely unpublished collections, and another group of works practically not studied, of which there was only some vague data. In all cases we have tried to offer documented information from different sources. We are also presenting a new perspective on various curbs, supported on empiric and comparative facts...
This PhD dissertation has been shaped as a technical, artistic and statistic study on the andalusi and mudejar well and cistern curbs by means of research and fieldwork, where we focus on its evolution in al-Andalus from the tenth to the sixteenth century. Curbs, placed in important spaces by the courtyards of religious buildings and Islamic houses, turned themselves into an adequate place for rich and complex decorations. Their thick walls also allowed a larger and better development of epigraphic texts, that in some cases have been relevant for historical and artistic reasons. Before the Islamic period curbs were scarce, in most cases made of noble materials to cover wells of holy waters in large religious buildings. Later, they were very frequent andalusi and mudejar items, used in all types of buildings, civil or religious, made of noble materials such as marble or limestone, and in common unexpensive materials such as clay. It is sometimes very difficult to determine accurately the chronology when curbs were manufactured, only having as references their physical characteristics, considering that they have experienced many material and decorative circumstances, before and after the period studied. This study presents global information on chronology, origin, terminology, typology, materials, manufacturing techniques, decorative designs with their detailed analysis, allowing us to have solid roots to support the study of each curb, following strictly the same methodology in every case. This research includes a total of one hundred and nine examples, nine curbs made of stone, and one hundred of ceramics. Considering the considerable number of examples studied, we decided to organize catalogue cards in seven groups, starting by the stone curbs, followed by ceramic curbs assembled in territorial divisions, always keeping a chronological order in every group. Among the examples studied there are completely unpublished collections, and another group of works practically not studied, of which there was only some vague data. In all cases we have tried to offer documented information from different sources. We are also presenting a new perspective on various curbs, supported on empiric and comparative facts...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Departamento de Historia del Arte I (Medieval), leída el 16-12-2015