Publication: Posición del cedente en el contrato de cesión de finca, edificabilidad y otros derechos urbanísticos a cambio de edificación futura
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2017-01-19
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La tesis analiza el contrato de cesión de finca por construcción futura que surge en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, como consecuencia del desarrollo del mercado inmobiliario que ha provocado escasez de suelo. Es una nueva forma de intercambio inmobiliario de suelo por pisos futuros basada en el principio de autonomía de la voluntad. Se aborda la débil posición jurídica del cedente del suelo, producida por la inexistencia del inmueble futuro y por el proceso de transformación física y jurídica del inmueble. Trata de reflexionar si es necesaria una regulación legal de este contrato para proteger al cedente. El trabajo se inicia con la configuración jurídica de la figura de la cesión de solar por obra futura, sus modalidades y sus elementos esenciales. A continuación se estudia el problema de la adquisición de los inmuebles futuros por el cedente y sus posibles medios de protección, la tercería de dominio, la protección del Registro de la Propiedad y la Prehorizontalidad. También se reflexiona sobre el problema de la posible responsabilidad del cedente por la ruina o deficiencias, o vicios de los inmuebles. A continuación se examina el incumplimiento de cesionario de la obligación de entrega y de la obligación de edificar, los supuestos de resolución del contrato y la excesiva onerosidad en el cumplimiento de su prestación por el cesionario. También se analizan los efectos de la resolución, especialmente la restitución del inmueble al cedente, los problemas que plantea y la reinscripción del inmueble a nombre del cedente. Se aborda también la situación del cedente cuando el cesionario se encuentra en concurso de acreedores. Finalmente se examina la Ley de Cesión de finca o edificabilidad a cambio de construcción futura, Llei 23/2001 de 31 de Diciembre de Cataluña, única en el Derecho Civil español que regula esta figura.
This study explores the handover lands based on future construction agreement. A legal concept unregulated by the Civil Code, dating back to the second half of the 20 th century, aftermath of housing market development whose main consequence was land́s scarcity. This new way of property exchange is rooted under the principle of the exercise of free will. Along the papers one of the main aims of the author was to discern if there was an imperative need of establishing a concrete regulation for protecting the figure of the assignor, in order to give answer to this question the writer analyses the weakness position of the assignor caused by the inexistence of an upcoming building and by the ongoing modifications suffered by the real state property from a juridical and physical perspective. This study was structured under three basic premises, first, the juridical configuration of handover lands based on future construction agreement, secondly, its method and finally its key elements. Concurrently, the author deals with the problem of assignoŕs acquisition of the upcoming property and the different ways of protecting it, third party domain, its protection within the limits of the property registration office and the pre-horizontal property intended. At the same time, the writer think over the legal responsibilities of the assignee that might appear due to the ruin, deficiency or the vice of the property. The study deals first, with the assignee`s breach in regard to its obligation of delivering and build, the assumptions of agreement resolution and the assignee`s compliance of excessively burdensome payment; And secondly, the effects of the resolution, with a special heed to real state`s restitution of the assignor, the problems that might arise and the re-register of the property in behalf of the assignor and the assignoŕs condition, once the assignee is in creditoŕs meeting. To conclude, it is examined both the handover land`s Law and the suitability for building in exchange of future construction. A concept regulated exclusively by the spanish civil law through the regulation 23/2001 of the Catalonia Law, December 31.
This study explores the handover lands based on future construction agreement. A legal concept unregulated by the Civil Code, dating back to the second half of the 20 th century, aftermath of housing market development whose main consequence was land́s scarcity. This new way of property exchange is rooted under the principle of the exercise of free will. Along the papers one of the main aims of the author was to discern if there was an imperative need of establishing a concrete regulation for protecting the figure of the assignor, in order to give answer to this question the writer analyses the weakness position of the assignor caused by the inexistence of an upcoming building and by the ongoing modifications suffered by the real state property from a juridical and physical perspective. This study was structured under three basic premises, first, the juridical configuration of handover lands based on future construction agreement, secondly, its method and finally its key elements. Concurrently, the author deals with the problem of assignoŕs acquisition of the upcoming property and the different ways of protecting it, third party domain, its protection within the limits of the property registration office and the pre-horizontal property intended. At the same time, the writer think over the legal responsibilities of the assignee that might appear due to the ruin, deficiency or the vice of the property. The study deals first, with the assignee`s breach in regard to its obligation of delivering and build, the assumptions of agreement resolution and the assignee`s compliance of excessively burdensome payment; And secondly, the effects of the resolution, with a special heed to real state`s restitution of the assignor, the problems that might arise and the re-register of the property in behalf of the assignor and the assignoŕs condition, once the assignee is in creditoŕs meeting. To conclude, it is examined both the handover land`s Law and the suitability for building in exchange of future construction. A concept regulated exclusively by the spanish civil law through the regulation 23/2001 of the Catalonia Law, December 31.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Civil, leída el 20/01/2016