Publication: La Lonja de la Seda en Valencia
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2015
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones
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Abstract
La Lonja de los Mercaderes o de la Se da, Patrimonio Mundial de la Humanidad, está situada en la Plaza del Mercado, “barri de Mercat” del centro histórico protegido de Valencia. Declarado Bien de Interés Cultural en 1931, fue inscrito en el listado del Patrimonio Mundial de la Humanidad por el Comité de Patrimonio Mundial reunido en México en 1996.La Lonja está compuesta por el Salón Columnario o Sala de Contratación, el Pabellón del Consulado del Mar, un cuerpo de Torre, un cuerpo destinado a dependencias militares y el Huerto de los naranjos. Su estilo gótico valenciano cuenta con unas labores singulares de estereotomía de la piedra pioneras de construcciones posteriores, entre ellas destacamos las
columnas de desarrollo helicoidal del Salón Columnario, la escalera helicoidal, las bóvedas de crucería sin nervios y los trabajos de ornamentación. Su conjunto constituye un excepcional ejemplo de la arquitectura civil del gótico mediterráneo en el siglo XV. Desde principios del siglo XX, en la Lonja se hicieron diversas intervenciones de adaptación, restauración y conservación. A partir de su inscripción como Patrimonio Mundial se realiza un extenso programa de acciones al amparo del convenio suscrito entre el Ayuntamiento de Valencia y la Universidad Politécnica. Adaptándose a las demandas de la UNESCO se llevaron a cabo acciones de mejora y difusión del Bien; éstas se aprecian de distinta manera si son valoradas por las personas que participan y conviven con el bien o si son percibidas por parte de políticos y algunos técnicos utilizándolas como estandartes ideológicos y de obtención de recursos económicos vía subvenciones. Este posicionamiento distorsiona el enfoque del Patrimonio como bien sociocultural de amplia repercusión en la calidad de vida de los habitantes y visitantes de las ciudades al ser elementos intrínsecos a estas. En la Lonja esta visión sesgada determina que las actuaciones no contemplen su entorno de protección el cual se encuentra maclado con los entornos de otros monumentos que comparten espacio urbano, Mercado Central y la Iglesia Parroquial de los Santos Juanes. Física y conceptualmente se manejan límites rígidos. Como conclusiones se propone las siguientes propuestas de actuación,
• Elaborar un proyecto de intervención directa en su entorno valorando integralmente el monumento en la escena urbana. Peatonalización y humanización del espacio público vinculado.
• Realización de un proyecto de iluminación del monumento y su entorno en aras de la calidad ambiental incidiendo en la apreciación sensible del conjunto.
• Difundir el conocimiento sobre la Lonja de la Seda posibilita una mejor convivencia y afecto de los ciudadanos al monumento.
La Lonja de los Mercaderes or Lonja de la Seda (The Silk Exchange), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is situated in the Plaza del Mercado, in Valencia’s protected historic centre. It was declared a Site of Cultural Interest in 1931 and was inscribed in the World Heritage List by the World Heritage Committee in Mexico in 1996. La Lonja is comprised of the Room of Columns or Contract Hall, the Sea Consulate Pavilion, a tower, a space designated for military branches and the Orange Tree Garden. Its Valencian Gothic style includes some unique examples of pioneering stone stereotomy work which influenced later constructions. Some notable works include the helical shaped columns of the Room of Columns, the helical staircase, the vaulted ceiling without ribs and the ornamental work. As a whole, it represents an exceptional example of Mediterranean Gothic civil architecture in the fifteenth century. From the beginning of the twentieth century, La Lonja has undergone various interventions for adaption, restoration and conservation. Since its inclusion on the World Heritage List, an extensive program of actions has been performed according to an agreement signed between the City of Valencia and the Universidad Politécnica. In line with UNESCO’s requirements, there have been projects to improve and promote the site. These projects are appreciated differently if they are assessed by people who use and coexist with the site, or if they are assessed by politicians and some technicians who use them as ideological banners and to obtain financial resources through subsidies.This position distorts the principle of Heritage sites as intrinsic elements and sociocultural assets of the cities, with wide repercussions on the quality of life ofthe residents and visitors. In the case of La Lonja, this skewed vision has resulted in projects that do not take into consideration the protected site and its shared and mixed use surroundings, which include other monuments, the Central Market and the Iglesia Parroquial de los Santos Juanes as a whole. Rigid physical and conceptual limits are set. In light of the above, the following is proposed: • Develop a project of direct action to comprehensively assess the monument and its surroundings in the urban scene. Pedestrianization and humanization of the public space that is connected to the project. • Create a project to illuminate the monument and its surroundings in the interest of increasing the ambient quality of the environment and the appreciation of the site. • Spreading the knowledge about La Lonja de la Seda allows for a better coexistence with and appreciation for the monument by the residents of the city.
La Lonja de los Mercaderes or Lonja de la Seda (The Silk Exchange), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is situated in the Plaza del Mercado, in Valencia’s protected historic centre. It was declared a Site of Cultural Interest in 1931 and was inscribed in the World Heritage List by the World Heritage Committee in Mexico in 1996. La Lonja is comprised of the Room of Columns or Contract Hall, the Sea Consulate Pavilion, a tower, a space designated for military branches and the Orange Tree Garden. Its Valencian Gothic style includes some unique examples of pioneering stone stereotomy work which influenced later constructions. Some notable works include the helical shaped columns of the Room of Columns, the helical staircase, the vaulted ceiling without ribs and the ornamental work. As a whole, it represents an exceptional example of Mediterranean Gothic civil architecture in the fifteenth century. From the beginning of the twentieth century, La Lonja has undergone various interventions for adaption, restoration and conservation. Since its inclusion on the World Heritage List, an extensive program of actions has been performed according to an agreement signed between the City of Valencia and the Universidad Politécnica. In line with UNESCO’s requirements, there have been projects to improve and promote the site. These projects are appreciated differently if they are assessed by people who use and coexist with the site, or if they are assessed by politicians and some technicians who use them as ideological banners and to obtain financial resources through subsidies.This position distorts the principle of Heritage sites as intrinsic elements and sociocultural assets of the cities, with wide repercussions on the quality of life ofthe residents and visitors. In the case of La Lonja, this skewed vision has resulted in projects that do not take into consideration the protected site and its shared and mixed use surroundings, which include other monuments, the Central Market and the Iglesia Parroquial de los Santos Juanes as a whole. Rigid physical and conceptual limits are set. In light of the above, the following is proposed: • Develop a project of direct action to comprehensively assess the monument and its surroundings in the urban scene. Pedestrianization and humanization of the public space that is connected to the project. • Create a project to illuminate the monument and its surroundings in the interest of increasing the ambient quality of the environment and the appreciation of the site. • Spreading the knowledge about La Lonja de la Seda allows for a better coexistence with and appreciation for the monument by the residents of the city.