Publication: El patrimonio cultural, recurso estratégico para el enriquecimiento económico y social : ejemplos desde el Patrimonio Mundial en España
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2015
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones
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Abstract
La capacidad de los bienes que constituyen el Patrimonio Cultural de contribuir, en su condición de activos, al desarrollo socioeconómico es una cuestión aceptada a nivel científico y refrendada en el institucional. España cuenta con un rico stock patrimonial que posee, también, un altísimo potencial de generación de actividad económica y empleo que dista de haberse aprovechado de manera óptima. El patrón de especialización turística, demasiado sesgado hacia las actividades de sol y playa, ha dejado en segundo plano la puesta en valor del Patrimonio Cultural como estrategia de desarrollo. Ello ha supuesto un elevado coste de oportunidad que es necesario reequilibrar, en consonancia con la tan necesaria diversificación del tejido productivo español hacia actividades de mayor valor añadido. Aprovecharlo de manera sostenible y responsable supone una excelente oportunidad de contribuir a mejorar las condiciones de vida de las personas, tanto en lo material (riqueza, empleo, innovación, emprendimiento) como en lo inmaterial (identidad, participación, formación, satisfacción, disfrute, etc.). En el marco de nuestras investigaciones sobre sitios Patrimonio Mundial -subvencionadas a través de proyectos del Plan Nacional de I+D+i y de administraciones implicadas- analizamos las potencialidades de una adecuada valoración socio-económica de los recursos patrimoniales. Para ilustrarlo, presentaremos algunas de las metodologías de trabajo sobre percepción social empleadas y sus incipientes resultados. También se mostrarán algunas de las acciones que este equipo tiene en marcha con el objetivo último de mejorar el uso, la función social y el real enriquecimiento que estos lugares pueden aportar a la ciudadanía, con especial atención a los desarrollos alcanzados en la ciudad de Alcalá de Henares.
The capacity of the properties forming the Cultural Heritage to contribute, as assets, to the socio-economic development is a matter accepted at the scientific level and confirmed at the institutional level. Spain has a rich heritage stock with a strong potential to generate economic activity and employment that is far from being optimally used. The tourism specialization pattern, overturned on sun and beach activities, has left the enhancement of cultural heritage at the background as a development strategy. This has had a high opportunity cost that is necessary to rebalance, according to the much needed diversification of the Spanish economy towards higher value added activities. The sustainable and responsible use of the cultural properties is an excellent opportunity to improve people’s lives, both materially (wealth, employment, innovation, entrepreneurship) and spiritually (identity, participation, training, satisfaction, enjoyment, etc.). As part of our researches on World Heritage sites –funded by R+D+i projects and by involved administrations- we analyze the potentialities of an adequate socio-economic assessment of heritage resources. To illustrate it, we present some social perception methodologies used and some incipient results. We also show some of the actions our team has in progress with the ultimate goal of improving the use, the social function and the actual wealth that these places can bring to citizens. Special attention will be paid to the developments achieved in the city of Alcalá de Henares.
The capacity of the properties forming the Cultural Heritage to contribute, as assets, to the socio-economic development is a matter accepted at the scientific level and confirmed at the institutional level. Spain has a rich heritage stock with a strong potential to generate economic activity and employment that is far from being optimally used. The tourism specialization pattern, overturned on sun and beach activities, has left the enhancement of cultural heritage at the background as a development strategy. This has had a high opportunity cost that is necessary to rebalance, according to the much needed diversification of the Spanish economy towards higher value added activities. The sustainable and responsible use of the cultural properties is an excellent opportunity to improve people’s lives, both materially (wealth, employment, innovation, entrepreneurship) and spiritually (identity, participation, training, satisfaction, enjoyment, etc.). As part of our researches on World Heritage sites –funded by R+D+i projects and by involved administrations- we analyze the potentialities of an adequate socio-economic assessment of heritage resources. To illustrate it, we present some social perception methodologies used and some incipient results. We also show some of the actions our team has in progress with the ultimate goal of improving the use, the social function and the actual wealth that these places can bring to citizens. Special attention will be paid to the developments achieved in the city of Alcalá de Henares.