Publication: La nueva esfera pública en Puerto Rico: etnografía del periodismo sobre corrupción en tres diarios nacionales
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2017-04-19
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Esta investigación analiza las transformaciones de la esfera pública en Puerto Rico, a partir de un estudio etnográfico del tratamiento de la corrupción en los tres periódicos nacionales –El Nuevo Día, El Vocero y Primera Hora– entre el 1 de junio de 2013 y el 15 de agosto de 2015. El estudio etnográfico se interesa por los procesos de producción periodística en y fuera de las salas de redacción, y da cuenta de los cambios en la esfera pública producidos por las nuevas tecnologías digitales, centrándose en dos casos con amplia difusión mediática. Como parte de este estudio, se realizaron 21 entrevistas en profundidad a directores de medios, editores, periodistas, académicos, analistas, políticos y ciudadanos. El estudio utiliza el enfoque Follow the Conflict para entrevistar a periodistas en el momento en que realizaban las coberturas sobre corrupción. Las entrevistas realizadas y la información obtenida como “participante observador” en esta investigación evidenciaron que la esfera pública en Puerto Rico se encuentra en un proceso de transformación clave. A su vez, el asunto de la corrupción reveló ciertos aspectos centrales de la actual esfera pública. En primer lugar, que es fundamental el papel de los medios en la función de vigilancia de los actores políticos, mejora de la transparencia, etcétera. Y, en segundo lugar, que la mediatización (hoy a través de medios convencionales y digitales) ha producido cambios en las leyes, en los organismos de control y en el ámbito de las decisiones políticas.
This research analyzes transformations in Puerto Rico’s public sphere through an ethnographic study on the treatment of corruption in the country’s three national newspapers – El Nuevo Día, El Vocero y Primera Hora – between June 1, 2013 and August 15, 2015. In particular, this ethnographic study is interested in the processes of journalistic production, both within and beyond the walls of the newsroom. It traces changes to the public sector that have come as a result of digital technologies, focusing specifically on two cases that garnered widespread media coverage. The ethnography includes 21 in-depth interviews with the directors of media outlets, as well as editors, journalists, academics, analysts, politicians, and citizens. Furthermore, the study employs a Follow the Conflict lens and includes interviews with journalists carried out while they are in the midst of reporting on corruption. These interviews, together with information obtained as a “participant observer” in the investigation, serve as evidence that the public sphere in Puerto Rico is undergoing an important process of transformation. At the same time, the issue of corruption reveals central aspects of the public sphere in its current state: first, that the media plays a fundamental role in monitoring political actors and improving transparency, and second, that the mediatization (through conventional and digital media) has prompted changes to the law, regulatory organisms, and in the arena of political decision-making.
This research analyzes transformations in Puerto Rico’s public sphere through an ethnographic study on the treatment of corruption in the country’s three national newspapers – El Nuevo Día, El Vocero y Primera Hora – between June 1, 2013 and August 15, 2015. In particular, this ethnographic study is interested in the processes of journalistic production, both within and beyond the walls of the newsroom. It traces changes to the public sector that have come as a result of digital technologies, focusing specifically on two cases that garnered widespread media coverage. The ethnography includes 21 in-depth interviews with the directors of media outlets, as well as editors, journalists, academics, analysts, politicians, and citizens. Furthermore, the study employs a Follow the Conflict lens and includes interviews with journalists carried out while they are in the midst of reporting on corruption. These interviews, together with information obtained as a “participant observer” in the investigation, serve as evidence that the public sphere in Puerto Rico is undergoing an important process of transformation. At the same time, the issue of corruption reveals central aspects of the public sphere in its current state: first, that the media plays a fundamental role in monitoring political actors and improving transparency, and second, that the mediatization (through conventional and digital media) has prompted changes to the law, regulatory organisms, and in the arena of political decision-making.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias de la Información, Departamento de Periodismo III (Teoría General de la Información), leída el 12/01/2016