Publication: El pintor Antonio Gisbert (1834-1901)
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2017-04-25
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Esta tesis doctoral pretende situar al pintor Antonio Gisbert dentro del panorama artístico español de su tiempo. Para ello se ha reconstruido la biografía del pintor partiendo de los nuevos datos que se han encontrado en las diferentes instituciones consultadas. En dicho capítulo se abordan las diferentes etapas de Gisbert, desde sus inicios artísticos en Alcoy hasta su exilio voluntario en París, muchas de ellas comunes a las de cualquier otro pintor de su generación: su aprendizaje en Madrid, su pensionado en Roma tras aprobar las oposiciones de la Real Academia de Bellas de Artes de San Fernando, su participación y éxito en las concurridas Exposiciones Nacionales de Bellas Artes, Salones de París y Exposiciones Universales con obras como Los Comuneros o El Desembarco de los Puritanos en la América del Norte, las estancias en París donde pintó obras exquisitas, pero de pequeño formato o sus compromisos políticos que le llevaron a ocupar la dirección del Museo del Prado y a convertirse en retratista de personajes de una marcada tendencia liberal como Salustiano de Olózaga o del nuevo monarca italiano Amadeo de Saboya. Tras la dimisión de su puesto en el Museo del Prado se instaló en París donde residió hasta su muerte en 1901, y allí realizó numerosas obras de inspiración literaria y dos importantes lienzos de historia, la Salida de Cristóbal Colón del Puerto de Palos y el Fusilamiento de Torrijos y sus compañeros en las playas de Málaga, éste último un encargo del gobierno liberal de Mateo Sagasta como defensa de las libertades para las generaciones futuras. Sigue a la biografía un catálogo razonado de las obras del artista en el que se ha recogido buena parte de su producción en la que practicó diversos géneros: retratos, pintura de historia, pintura religiosa, pintura de género o dibujos y grabados. Se acompaña de numerosas ilustraciones y un anexo documental que profundiza en la vida de Gisbert.
This research work aims to place the painter Antonio Gisbert on the Spanish art scene of his time. For that purpose, the biography of The Painter has been reconstructed from the new data discovered in different institutions. The biography chapter addresses the different stages of Gisbert, from his artistic beginnings in Alcoy until his voluntary exile to Paris. All these stages are common to those of any other painter of his generation. His apprenticeship in Madrid. The pensioner in Rome after passing the examinations of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in Madrid. His attendance and success in the well-known National Exhibition of Fine Arts, Paris Salons and Universal Exhibitions with paintings such as The Communards and The Landing of the Puritans in North America. His stays in Paris where he painted exquisite works. As well as, his political commitments that led him to run The Prado Museum and to paint portraits of liberal characters, as Salustiano of Olózaga. He also become portraitist of the Italian Monarch Amadeo Savoie. After resigning his position in The Prado Museum, he moved to Paris where he lived until his death in 1901. In Paris, he painted many works of literary inspiration and two important historic masterpieces, The Departure of Christopher Columbus from Palos and The Execution of Torrijos and his Companions on the Beaches of Málaga. The last one was ordered by the Liberal Government of Mateo Sagasta as safeguarding liberties for future generations. The present work follows the reasoned biography of the artist’s works. It is collected much of his production with a variety of genres: portraits, history paintings, religious paintings, genre paintings or drawings and prints. It is accompanied by numerous illustrations and annex documentary that dig deeply in the Gisbert’s life.
This research work aims to place the painter Antonio Gisbert on the Spanish art scene of his time. For that purpose, the biography of The Painter has been reconstructed from the new data discovered in different institutions. The biography chapter addresses the different stages of Gisbert, from his artistic beginnings in Alcoy until his voluntary exile to Paris. All these stages are common to those of any other painter of his generation. His apprenticeship in Madrid. The pensioner in Rome after passing the examinations of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in Madrid. His attendance and success in the well-known National Exhibition of Fine Arts, Paris Salons and Universal Exhibitions with paintings such as The Communards and The Landing of the Puritans in North America. His stays in Paris where he painted exquisite works. As well as, his political commitments that led him to run The Prado Museum and to paint portraits of liberal characters, as Salustiano of Olózaga. He also become portraitist of the Italian Monarch Amadeo Savoie. After resigning his position in The Prado Museum, he moved to Paris where he lived until his death in 1901. In Paris, he painted many works of literary inspiration and two important historic masterpieces, The Departure of Christopher Columbus from Palos and The Execution of Torrijos and his Companions on the Beaches of Málaga. The last one was ordered by the Liberal Government of Mateo Sagasta as safeguarding liberties for future generations. The present work follows the reasoned biography of the artist’s works. It is collected much of his production with a variety of genres: portraits, history paintings, religious paintings, genre paintings or drawings and prints. It is accompanied by numerous illustrations and annex documentary that dig deeply in the Gisbert’s life.
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, leída el 04-02-2016