Publication: Resistencia a Cefalosporinas en "Enterococcus" spp.
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2017-05-23
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Los enterococos son cocos gram positivos, catalasa-negativos y anaerobios facultativos que se presentan de manera individual, en parejas o en cadenas cortas. El género Enterococcus incluye la especie Enterococcus faecalis, uno de los patógenos nosocomiales más importantes actualmente. E. faecalis puede dar lugar a infecciones de heridas, tejidos blandos y el tracto urinario. Dan lugar a cuadros de bacteriemia lo que, en caso de un daño previo de las válvulas cardiacas, puede desembocar en un proceso de endocarditis. Se han identificados varios factores como importantes en la patogénesis de la bacteria, aunque aún no se ha esclarecido el modo en el que esta bacteria pasa del comensalismo a la patogenicidad. Además, esta bacteria suele ser portadora de determinantes de resistencia tanto intrínsecos como adquiridos. Un tratamiento con cefalosporinas, a las que el enterococo es intrínsecamente resistente, supone un factor de riesgo para la adquisición de una infección enterocócica. La resistencia intrínseca a cefalosporinas es una de las más interesantes de las que presenta el enterococo. Se han identificado varios factores importantes para esta resistencia, pero la relación entre ellos y sus efectores permanecen sin dilucidar...
Enterococcus spp. are facultatively anaerobic, catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci, arranged individually, in pairs, or short chains. Enterococci include one of the most important nosocomial pathogens, Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis can be responsible for infections of wounds, soft tissue and the urinary tract. In some cases they produce bacteremia which can lead to endocarditis in previously damaged cardiac valves. Several factors have been identified as important in the pathogenesis of the bacteria. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how this commensal bacteria evolved into an insidious pathogen. In addition, Enterococcus faecalis harbours a large amount of both intrinsic and adquired antibiotic resistance determinants. In fact, the administration of cephalosporins is a risk factor for the adquisition of an enterococcal infection. Among the different antibiotic resistance phenotypes that the bacteria display, one of the most fascinating resistance mechanism is the intrinsic resistance to cephalosporins. Various important factors important for this intrinsic resistance have been identified, but the relationships between them and their upstream and downstream effectors remain unknown...
Enterococcus spp. are facultatively anaerobic, catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci, arranged individually, in pairs, or short chains. Enterococci include one of the most important nosocomial pathogens, Enterococcus faecalis. E. faecalis can be responsible for infections of wounds, soft tissue and the urinary tract. In some cases they produce bacteremia which can lead to endocarditis in previously damaged cardiac valves. Several factors have been identified as important in the pathogenesis of the bacteria. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how this commensal bacteria evolved into an insidious pathogen. In addition, Enterococcus faecalis harbours a large amount of both intrinsic and adquired antibiotic resistance determinants. In fact, the administration of cephalosporins is a risk factor for the adquisition of an enterococcal infection. Among the different antibiotic resistance phenotypes that the bacteria display, one of the most fascinating resistance mechanism is the intrinsic resistance to cephalosporins. Various important factors important for this intrinsic resistance have been identified, but the relationships between them and their upstream and downstream effectors remain unknown...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, leída el 25-06-2016