Publication: Medidas de conservación aplicadas al archivo fotográfico Hernández-Pacheco de la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla
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2017
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Abstract
En el trabajo presente se reflejan las medidas de conservación aplicadas en el archivo fotográfico Hernández-Pacheco, custodiado en la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla desde el año 2014. Está formado por unos 2.800 objetos fotográficos de diversa índole y naturaleza material, aunque predominan sobre todo las placas de linterna mágica, empleadas por el reconocido geólogo Eduardo Hernández-Pacheco para ilustrar sus conferencias y publicaciones.
En la actualidad, la preservación de archivos fotográficos se rige principalmente por la implantación de medidas de conservación preventiva, con el fin de establecer un entorno estable y favorable para su mantenimiento a largo plazo. Al tratarse, en su mayoría, de colecciones con un amplio número de ejemplares, son este tipo de intervenciones las que realmente se pueden abordar sin requerir presupuestos elevados.
Tras estudiar aquellos aspectos que atañen a su conservación e identificar los principales riesgos de deterioro, se ha podido determinar cuál es la mejor forma de prevenirlos. Dichas medidas se describen en este trabajo, el cual se llevó a cabo en el Departamento de Conservación y Restauración de la Biblioteca Histórica durante las prácticas académicas curriculares incluidas dentro del plan de estudios del Máster en Conservación del Patrimonio Cultural de la Universidad Complutense entre noviembre de 2016 y marzo de 2017, y contó con la tutorización de Javier Tacón Clavaín, jefe del departamento.
Entre las mejoras acometidas se encuentra el diseño de una base de datos para la gestión del archivo, en la que se ha realizado el registro de cada ejemplar incluyendo un diagnóstico individualizado de su estado de conservación. Puesto que tanto las condiciones de almacenaje como la ubicación del archivo no eran adecuadas para su preservación, se procedió a su reinstalación, estableciendo varios niveles de protección, con sobres de papel de cuatro solapas y cajas de cartón de conservación, así como su reubicación en el depósito de la Biblioteca. Asimismo, se han intervenido aquellas placas de linterna cuya estabilidad se veía comprometida, a causa, sobre todo, de las roturas y fragmentaciones en los vidrios que las conforman.
Por último, en este proyecto se ha tenido muy en cuenta la importancia de la documentación y de la conservación, no sólo de las fotografías, sino también de la idea del archivo en su conjunto. Por esta razón, además de documentar profusamente el sistema de almacenaje original, se han mantenido los separadores de papel que organizaban los ejemplares dentro del mismo. Para ello se han restaurado y tratado químicamente de forma que, una vez colocados en las cajas de conservación, no provoquen deterioros en las fotografías.
A través de las medidas instauradas se ha pretendido establecer un equilibrio entre la conservación preventiva y la utilización del archivo, mejorando su gestión y minimizando la manipulación de los originales, acciones que contribuyen considerablemente a la salvaguarda de los fondos fotográficos.
This project describes the measures applied for the conservation of Hernández-Pacheco’s Photographic Archive, preserved in the Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla since 2014. It is composed by around 2.800 photographic objects of diverse formats and materials, although lantern slides are the most frequent, used by the renowned geologist Eduardo Hernández-Pacheco to illustrate his conferences and publications. Nowadays, the preservation of a photographic archive is guided mainly by the preventive conservation, with the aim to stablish a favorable and stable environment to its long-term maintenance. Due to the fact that the majority of these collections are formed by a large number of pieces, these types of interventions are the ones that can be performed without requiring a high budget. Once all the aspects related to its conservation were studied and the principal risks were identified, it could be determined the best way to prevent them. These measures are described in this work, which was elaborated in the Conservation and Restoration Department of the Biblioteca Histórica during the internship period included in the studies plan of the Master’s Degree in Conservation of Cultural Heritage from Complutense University, between november 2016 and march 2017, under the direction of Javier Tacón Clavaín, Head of the Department. Amongst the improvements made, there is the design and creation of a database for the management of the archive, in which it is carried out a registration of each piece, including an individualized diagnosis of the conservation conditions. As both the storage conditions and the location of the archive were not suitable for its preservation, we proceeded to its rehousing with several levels of protection using paper envelopes and conservation cardboard boxes, as well as its relocation to the warehouse. Likewise, those lantern slides whose stability was jeopardized, mainly caused by the fragmentation of the glass, received treatment. Finally, in this project it was taken into account the importance of the documentation and the conservation, not only of the photographs, but also of the archive as a whole. For this reason, apart from documenting the original storage system, the paper dividers that organized the photographs were kept for the new storage. This is why they were restored and received a chemical treatment so that, once they were placed in the conservation boxes, wouldn’t cause any damage to the photographs. Through these measures the intention was to stablish a balance between preventive conservation and the use of the archive, improving its management and minimizing the manipulation of the originals, actions that make a huge contribution to the safeguard of photographic collections.
This project describes the measures applied for the conservation of Hernández-Pacheco’s Photographic Archive, preserved in the Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla since 2014. It is composed by around 2.800 photographic objects of diverse formats and materials, although lantern slides are the most frequent, used by the renowned geologist Eduardo Hernández-Pacheco to illustrate his conferences and publications. Nowadays, the preservation of a photographic archive is guided mainly by the preventive conservation, with the aim to stablish a favorable and stable environment to its long-term maintenance. Due to the fact that the majority of these collections are formed by a large number of pieces, these types of interventions are the ones that can be performed without requiring a high budget. Once all the aspects related to its conservation were studied and the principal risks were identified, it could be determined the best way to prevent them. These measures are described in this work, which was elaborated in the Conservation and Restoration Department of the Biblioteca Histórica during the internship period included in the studies plan of the Master’s Degree in Conservation of Cultural Heritage from Complutense University, between november 2016 and march 2017, under the direction of Javier Tacón Clavaín, Head of the Department. Amongst the improvements made, there is the design and creation of a database for the management of the archive, in which it is carried out a registration of each piece, including an individualized diagnosis of the conservation conditions. As both the storage conditions and the location of the archive were not suitable for its preservation, we proceeded to its rehousing with several levels of protection using paper envelopes and conservation cardboard boxes, as well as its relocation to the warehouse. Likewise, those lantern slides whose stability was jeopardized, mainly caused by the fragmentation of the glass, received treatment. Finally, in this project it was taken into account the importance of the documentation and the conservation, not only of the photographs, but also of the archive as a whole. For this reason, apart from documenting the original storage system, the paper dividers that organized the photographs were kept for the new storage. This is why they were restored and received a chemical treatment so that, once they were placed in the conservation boxes, wouldn’t cause any damage to the photographs. Through these measures the intention was to stablish a balance between preventive conservation and the use of the archive, improving its management and minimizing the manipulation of the originals, actions that make a huge contribution to the safeguard of photographic collections.