Publication: Votos por favores: el clientelismo político en la actualidad. Estudios de caso en la Galicia rural
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2017-11-22
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La tesis doctoral bajo el título "Votos por favores: el clientelismo político en la actualidad. Estudios de caso en la Galicia rural", se acerca al fenómeno político del clientelismo, donde la rendición de cuentas democrática se basa en la condición de recibir beneficios especiales. El concepto más básico del clientelismo es el de una relación de intercambio social, instrumental e informal entre dos actores desiguales, uno político y otro ciudadano, de apoyo electoral a cambio de un trato de favor directo dentro de una estructura institucional. Estas relaciones diádicas se insertan en redes clientelares más amplias, donde los patrones reparten favores desde distintas instituciones -gobiernos, parlamentos o empresas- a sus votantes bajo la coordinación del partido-machine. La tesis utiliza como caso a los conocidos "caciques gallegos" para ofrecer una nueva visión del objeto de investigación. El estudio empírico se aproxima desde el campo de los sistemas democráticos informales, el poder en las relaciones sociales y la monitorización electoral. El caso de política clientelar se desarrolla en las instituciones locales, los municipios y provincias; y en sus gobiernos, ayuntamientos y diputaciones provinciales. Se entiende al clientelismo como una cultura política aideológica que influye en el orden social y en los procesos políticos, con unos principios, un código de valores y actitudes compartidas, que forman un estructura jerárquica anclada en el sistema político, con unos actores interconectados en red: patrones proveedores de recursos y receptores de votos, y clientes agradecidos que ofrecen su apoyo expreso a cambio de un trato personal...
The doctoral thesis under the title "Exchanging votes by favors: political clientelism today. Case studies in the Galician rural", approaches the political phenomenon of clientelism, where democratic accountability is based on the condition of receiving special benefits. The most basic concept of clientelism is that of a social, instrumental and informal exchange between two unequal actors, of electoral support in exchange for a direct favor treatment within an institutional structure. These dyadic relationships are embedded in larger clientelistic networks, where the patrons distribute favors from different institutions - governments, parliaments, or companies- to their voters under the coordination of the partymachine. The thesis uses the well-known case of the "Galician caciques" to offer a new vision of the object of research. The empirical study approaches from the field of informal democratic systems, power in social relations and electoral monitoring. The clientelist politics case is developed in local institutions, municipalities and provinces; and within their, city councils and provincial councils (Diputación provincial). The thesis considers clientelism as a political culture that influences the social order and political processes, with principles, a code of values and socially shared attitudes, that form a hierarchical structure into the political system, with actors interconnected in a network: patrons that provide resources and receive votes; and grateful clients who offer their support in exchange for a personal treatment...
The doctoral thesis under the title "Exchanging votes by favors: political clientelism today. Case studies in the Galician rural", approaches the political phenomenon of clientelism, where democratic accountability is based on the condition of receiving special benefits. The most basic concept of clientelism is that of a social, instrumental and informal exchange between two unequal actors, of electoral support in exchange for a direct favor treatment within an institutional structure. These dyadic relationships are embedded in larger clientelistic networks, where the patrons distribute favors from different institutions - governments, parliaments, or companies- to their voters under the coordination of the partymachine. The thesis uses the well-known case of the "Galician caciques" to offer a new vision of the object of research. The empirical study approaches from the field of informal democratic systems, power in social relations and electoral monitoring. The clientelist politics case is developed in local institutions, municipalities and provinces; and within their, city councils and provincial councils (Diputación provincial). The thesis considers clientelism as a political culture that influences the social order and political processes, with principles, a code of values and socially shared attitudes, that form a hierarchical structure into the political system, with actors interconnected in a network: patrons that provide resources and receive votes; and grateful clients who offer their support in exchange for a personal treatment...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, leída el 14-06-2017